What is a Paraphyletic trait?
Paraphyletic is a term used in evolutionary biology to describe a group of animals which contains a common ancestor and some, but not all, of the descendants.
What is a monophyletic trait?
A trait is monophyletic if the taxa that possess the trait. • form a clade. • constitute all the descendants of a common ancestor.
What do Cladograms show us?
A cladogram is a diagram used to represent a hypothetical relationship between groups of animals, called a phylogeny. A cladogram is used by a scientist studying phylogenetic systematics to visualize the groups of organisms being compared, how they are related, and their most common ancestors.
What is Cladistics and phylogeny?
Cladistics /Phylogeny- is a relatively new system of classification that uses shared derived traits to establish evolutionary relationships. • A derived trait is a feature that evolved only within the group under consideration. • A phylogenetic tree based on a cladistic analysis is called a cladogram.
What is Cladistics and what is it used for quizlet?
represents the evolutionary relationships within a group of organisms. Provides a graphical representation of phylogeny.
What statement about analogies is correct?
This concept differs from homologous traits because in homologous there is not a similarity in function and they involve a common ancestor. Considering this, the correct statement is “they are derived by similar environmental constraints” because they occur due to similar adaptative situations.
Why are outgroups used in phylogenetic trees?
Outgroup: An outgroup is used in phylogenetic analyses to figure out where the root of the tree should be placed (and sometimes which character state is ancestral on the tree). An outgroup is a lineage that falls outside the clade being studied but is closely related to that clade.
Which pair of animals is most closely related?
Which pair of organisms are most closely related? Organisms 2 and 3 are most closely related because they have the same family name.