What is anterolateral stemi?
Anterolateral STEMI: Q waves are present in both the anterior and lateral leads, most prominently in V2-4. There is reciprocal ST depression in the inferior leads (III and aVF). This pattern indicates an extensive infarction involving the anterior and lateral walls of the left ventricle.
What does Anteroseptal myocardial damage mean?
Abstract. Anteroseptal myocardial infarction is defined by the presence of electrocardiographic Q-waves limited to precordial leads V(1) to V(2), V(3), or V(4). We sought to determine whether this term is appropriate by correlating electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, and angiographic findings.
What does Anteroseptal infarct mean?
Purpose. Anteroseptal myocardial infarction is defined by the presence of electrocardiographic Q-waves limited to precordial leads V1 to V2, V3, or V4. We sought to determine whether this term is appropriate by correlating electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, and angiographic findings.
What does ST elevation mean for the heart?
ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) is a very serious type of heart attack during which one of the heart’s major arteries (one of the arteries that supplies oxygen and nutrient-rich blood to the heart muscle) is blocked. ST-segment elevation is an abnormality detected on the 12-lead ECG.
What causes an ST elevation?
Various Causes of ST-Segment Elevation The more common and clinically important (for the purpose of predicting patient risk) variants of ST-segment elevation are benign normal variant, myocardial injury or infarction, LVH, acute pericarditis, and left bundle branch block (LBBB).
Can ST elevation be normal?
As age progresses, the prevalence of elevation of the ST segment declined[8]. Thus, most men have elevation of the ST segment greater than 0.1 mV in the precordial leads. Therefore, elevation of the ST segment should be regarded as a normal finding and is often termed “male pattern”.
Can stress cause ST elevation?
Although the most likely etiology of ST elevation in patients undergoing exercise ECG testing is coronary artery disease and rarely coronary vasospasm, our case highlights that an acute severe rise in PAP and associated RV dilation may be another possible cause of ST elevation during stress testing.
How is ST elevation treated?
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (p-PCI) has become the treatment of choice for patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) when it can be performed expeditiously by an experienced team.
How do I know if I have ST elevation?
Classically, STEMI is diagnosed if there is >1-2mm of ST elevation in two contiguous leads on the ECG or new LBBB with a clinical picture consistent with ischemic chest pain. Classically the ST elevations are described as “tombstone” and concave or “upwards” in appearance.
How much ST elevation is significant?
An ST elevation is considered significant if the vertical distance inside the ECG trace and the baseline at a point 0.04 seconds after the J-point is at least 0.1 mV (usually representing 1 mm or 1 small square) in a limb lead or 0.2 mV (2 mm or 2 small squares) in a precordial lead.
How serious is ST depression?
Conclusions: In unstable coronary artery disease, ST-segment depression is associated with a 100% increase in the occurrence of three-vessel/left main disease and to an increased risk of subsequent cardiac events. In these patients an early invasive strategy substantially decreases death/myocardial infarction.
What does a ST depression indicate?
ST depression occurs when the J point is displaced below baseline. Just like ST elevation, not all ST depression represents myocardial ischemia or an emergent condition. There are multiple conditions associated with ST depression. Some of these include hypokalemia, cardiac ischemia, and medications such as digitalis.
Is ST depression normal?
Normal (physiological) ST segment depressions occur during physical exercise. These ST segment depressions have an upsloping ST segment. The depression in the J 60 point is usually <1 mm and they resolve rapidly once the exercise is stopped.
Is ST elevation worse than depression?
Conclusion: In patients with a first acute anterior MI treated with primary PCI, ST elevation in inferior leads had significantly worse short-term and long-term outcomes compared to no ST change or ST segment depression.
What medications cause ST depression?
Medications including digoxin and multiple other anti-arrhythmic drugs that affect myocyte repolarization also can cause ST segment depression.
How do you know if you have ST depression?
ST segment deviation (elevation, depression) is measured as the height difference (in millimeters) between the J point and the baseline (the PR segment). ST segment deviation occurs in a wide range of conditions, particularly acute myocardial ischemia.
What does QRS complex stand for?
ventricular depolarization
How do you know if your QRS is positive or negative?
Ventricular (QRS) Axis In general, a positive QRS complex in a lead has a ventricular axis that is approximately in the same direction going to that lead. Whereas a negative QRS complex in a lead has a ventricular axis that is approximately in the opposite direction to that lead.
What causes a wide QRS?
Causes of a widened QRS complex include right or left BBB, pacemaker, hyperkalemia, ventricular preexcitation as is seen in Wolf-Parkinson-White pattern, and a ventricular rhythm. Because there is a P wave associated with every QRS complex, a ventricular rhythm can be ruled out.