What is construction site investigation?
Site Investigation is the process of collecting information, assessment of the data and reporting potential hazards beneath a site which are unknown. Detailed Site Investigation. Supplementary investigation and construction control.
What are the stages of site investigation?
The sequence of a site investigation is as follows:
- Desk Study.
- Site Reconnaissance.
- Preliminary report or feasibility study.
- Preliminary Ground Investigation – Planning of main GI.
- Preliminary report.
- Main Ground Investigation.
- Laboratory testing.
- Final report.
What is the significance of site investigation in foundation engineering?
Increases the Safety of the Project One of the most important reasons why a site investigation is essential is to help determine how safe it is to move forward with your project. Constructing on certain soils may pose a threat to the workers and the existing buildings nearby.
What does a site investigation include?
A site investigation involves the collation of desk study information; appraisal of the data; assessment of the ground conditions; and the provision of an interpretative report.
What is meant by site investigation?
A site investigation simply is the process of the collection of information, the appraisal of data, assessment, and reporting without which the hazards in the ground beneath the site cannot be known.
Why do we use classification tests?
Why Is Soil Testing and Site Classification Important For Your Building Project ? The classification report is used by builders and engineers to plan building site preparation and provide site information to assist in appropriate foundation design.
What is Soil Test for construction?
Soil engineers test the composition of the soil in order to determine if it is strong soil or weak soil. Strong soil is soil that does not expand or contract excessively in regards to moisture, and it has a good density, which means it won’t greatly compact or settle after construction is complete.
How many steps are involved in soil investigation?
6. How many steps are involved in a soil investigation? Explanation: The first step is reconnaissance (visual inspection, maps, photos, etc.). The next step is exploration (geophysical, electrical, pits, etc.).
What is the scope of soil investigation?
(i) To determine the basic properties of soil which affect the design and safety of structure i.e., compressibility, strength and hydrological conditions. (ii) To determine the extent and properties of the material to be used for construction. (iii) To determine the condition of groundwater.
How many boreholes are required for soil investigation prior to a new construction?
Finally, apart from small structures, the position of each structure need to be explored with 3 boreholes to determine strata dip accurately.
What is desk study?
A desk study is the collation and review of information already available about a site, and is carried out at an early stage of site appraisal to inform and guide the remainder of the site investigation.
What is bearing capacity of soil?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. In geotechnical engineering, bearing capacity is the capacity of soil to support the loads applied to the ground. The bearing capacity of soil is the maximum average contact pressure between the foundation and the soil which should not produce shear failure in the soil.
What is a good CBR value?
Typically, a value of 2% equates to clay, while some sands may have a CBR value of 10%. High quality sub-base will have a value of between 80-100% (maximum). The CBR test is carried out on soils with a maximum particle size of 20mm. (Note: For material greater than 20mm please see Plate Bearing Tests).
How is bearing capacity calculated?
Bearing capacity is one method of measuring this strength. Researchers can calculate the bearing capacity of soil by determining the limit of contact pressure between the soil and the material placed on it.
Which soil has lowest bearing capacity?
Soil Properties & Bearing Very fine soils (clays and silts) typically have lower capacities than coarse granular soils (sands and gravels).
Which soil has high bearing capacity?
Gopal Mishra
| Types of Soil | Bearing Capacity (Kg/m2) | Bearing Capacity (kN/m2) |
|---|---|---|
| Soft clay | 10000 | 100 |
| Fine, loose and dry sand | 10000 | 100 |
| Black cotton soil | 15000 | 150 |
| Moist clay and sand clay Mixture | 15000 | 150 |
What is shear failure of soil?
Local Shear Failure A significant compression of soil below the footing and partial development of plastic equilibrium is observed. Failure is not sudden and there is no tilting of footing.
What is the safe bearing capacity?
Safe bearing capacity can be theoretically defined as the permissible load the soil can withstand such that it neither fails in shear nor exceeds permissible settlement limits. The SBC of a soil is defined in terms of allowable pressure that can be applied. Unit of Safe Bearing Capacity is kN/m^2 or kip/ft^2.
What is CBR test used for?
The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test is a penetration test used to evaluate the subgrade strength of roads and pavements. The results of these tests are used with the curves to determine the thickness of pavement and its component layers. This is the most widely used method for the design of flexible pavement.
What are the factors affecting bearing capacity?
12 Factors Influencing Bearing Capacity of Soils
- Soil Strength.
- Foundation Width.
- Foundation Depth.
- Soil Weight and Surcharge.
- Spacing Between Foundations.
- Earthquake and Dynamic Motion.
- Frost Action.
- Subsurface Voids.
What is bearing capacity in construction?
Bearing capacity is the maximum stress or pressure that a footing can sustain without failure of the soil or rock that is supporting the footing.
How do you calculate load bearing capacity of a building?
Step 1 – Find out the no. Of bars and their dimensions in one meter span of slab in shorter direction. Step 2 – Find out the grade of concrete. Step 3 – Using the IS 456 page 90 formula, calculate the area of steel present in tension and the thickness of slab and thereafter find the moment of resistance of slab.
How is terzaghi bearing capacity factor calculated?
Where γe = Equivalent unit weight to be used in bearing capacity equation, H = 0.5Btan(45+φ/2), is the depth of influence zone, Dw= Depth from bottom of footing to ground water table, γm = Moist unit weight of soil above ground water table, γ’ = Effective unit weight of soil below ground water table.
What is soil bearing capacity in civil engineering?
Geotechnical engineering defines the bearing capacity of soil as the capacity of soil to resist external load applied to it. In other words, bearing capacity of the soil is defined as the maximum coverage contact pressure between the foundation and the soil which should not produce shear failure in the soil.