What is controlled by the experimenter?
In a controlled experiment, an independent variable (the cause) is systematically manipulated and the dependent variable (the effect) is measured; any extraneous variables are controlled. The researcher can operationalize (i.e. define) the variables being studied so they can be objectivity measured.
Which of the following is an advantage of double-blind studies?
A double-blind study is one in which neither the participants nor the experimenters know who is receiving a particular treatment. This procedure is utilized to prevent bias in research results. Double-blind studies are particularly useful for preventing bias due to demand characteristics or the placebo effect.
Which of the following is an advantage of a double blind study quizlet?
Which of the following is an advantage of a double-blind study over a single-blind study? Double-blind studies not only protect against participant bias but also mitigate the effects of experimenter bias.
Why is it hard to do a double blind study?
In addition, in double-blind studies, neither the people involved in giving the pill nor the ones taking it know if it is a placebo. That way, the danger of experimenters nonverbally communicating their expectation that the pill will work (or not) is overcome.
What is the difference between a blind and a double-blind study?
In a single-blind study, only the participants are blinded. In a double-blind study, both participants and experimenters are blinded. In a triple-blind study, the assignment is hidden not only from participants and experimenters, but also from the researchers analyzing the data.
Is a single-blind test ethical?
The use in the everyday practice of single-blind and double-blind test paradigms in the treatment of peripheral neuro-pathic pain seems feasible and is ethically justified.
Can doctors prescribe placebos without you knowing?
Physicians may use placebos for diagnosis or treatment only if the patient is informed of and agrees to its use.
Why do doctors give placebos?
A placebo is used in clinical trials to test the effectiveness of treatments and is most often used in drug studies. For instance, people in one group get the tested drug, while the others receive a fake drug, or placebo, that they think is the real thing.
Do doctors ever withhold information from patients?
Except in emergency situations in which a patient is incapable of making an informed decision, withholding information without the patient’s knowledge or consent is ethically unacceptable.
Is withholding information illegal?
To be prosecuted for obstruction of justice or withholding evidence, someone with knowledge of a crime must lie to a police officer, either by fabricating or withholding information.
Is withholding the truth the same as lying?
Withholding information is the suppression of truth rather than the expression of untruth that characterises a lie. Both are designed to deceive, but withholding information makes a secret of the truth – it doesn’t distort it. Lying depends on spoiling the truth, and so undermines the very basis of justice.