What is ethnicity article?
Learn about this topic in these articles: Ethnicity refers to the identification of a group based on a perceived cultural distinctiveness that makes the group into a “people.” This distinctiveness is believed to be expressed in language, music, values, art, styles, literature, family life, religion, ritual, food,…
What are some examples of ethnicity?
The Revisions to OMB Directive 15 defines each racial and ethnic category as follows:
- American Indian or Alaska Native.
- Asian.
- Black or African American.
- Hispanic or Latino.
- Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander.
- White.
What defines ethnicity?
Ethnicity is considered to be shared characteristics such as culture, language, religion, and traditions, which contribute to a person or group’s identity. Ethnicity is also a preferential term to describe the difference between humans rather than ‘race’.
What is ethnicity according to scholars?
Ethnicity has become a key but contested analytical concept used to distinguish human groups in the wider social sciences and everyday life. It tends to refer to the classification of people and boundaries between groups that are based on shared ideas or myths of a common origin, descent, and history.
What is social ethnicity?
What Is Ethnicity? Ethnicity is a term that describes shared culture—the practices, values, and beliefs of a group. This might include shared language, religion, and traditions, among other commonalities. Like race, the term “ethnicity” is difficult to describe and its meaning has changed over time.
What are the causes of ethnicity?
According to instrumentalists, ethnicity is a result of personal choice and mostly independent from the situational context or the presence of cultural and biological traits. Ethnic conflict arises if ethnic groups compete for the same goal—notably power, access to resources, or territory.
What are examples of ethnic conflict?
Other examples of ethnic violence include:
- Antisemitic pogroms in European history.
- Foiba massacres in Dalmatia.
- Oromo-Somali clashes in Ethiopia in 2017.
- Ethnic violence in South Sudan.
- Sudanese nomadic conflicts.
- Race riots and racial supremacist violence in the United States.
- Race riots in the United Kingdom.
Does ethnicity divide a country or not?
Ethnicity is sometimes used interchangeably with the term nation, particularly in cases of ethnic nationalism, and is separate from, but related to the concept of races. Ethnicity can be an inherited status or based on the society within which one lives.
What are the causes of ethnic cleansing?
In contrast to forced resettlement movements of the past, 20th-century ethnic cleansing efforts have been driven by the rise of nationalist movements with racist theories fed by the desire to “purify” the nation by expelling (and in many cases destroying) groups considered “alien.”
What are examples of ethnic cleansing?
Examples of ethnic cleansing understood in this sense include the Armenian massacres by the Turks in 1915–16, the Nazi Holocaust of European Jews in the 1930s and ’40s, the expulsion of Germans from Polish and Czechoslovak territory after World War II, the Soviet Union’s deportation of certain ethnic minorities from …
What are the effects of ethnic cleansing?
Conclusions: Ethnic cleansing has caused high rates of PTSD and depression, as well as other forms of psychological morbidity, in this group of resettled Bosnian refugees. The longitudinal sequelae of ethnic cleansing as a form of massive psychic trauma remain to be studied.
What methods are sometimes used to commit ethnic cleansing?
Ethnic cleansing is usually accompanied by efforts to remove physical and cultural evidence of the targeted group in the territory through the destruction of homes, social centers, farms, and infrastructure, as well as through the desecration of monuments, cemeteries, and places of worship.
What is a recent example of ethnic cleansing?
Some 300,000 people have fled Myanmar since violence flared anew in the western state of Rakhine, where military reprisals appear to be a “textbook example of ethnic cleansing.” By the latest estimates, roughly 313,000 refugees have fled Myanmar across the border into Bangladesh in a span of just over two weeks.
What is the largest ethnic cleansing in history?
The heaviest event was the Circassian genocide in 1872. From 1894–1896, in an effort to islamize the Ottoman Empire, Sultan Abdul Hamid II ordered the killing of ethnic Armenians (along with other Christian minorities) living in the Ottoman Empire, based on their religion.
Which groups were targets of ethnic cleansing?
The Serbs targeted Bosniak and Croatian civilians in areas under their control, in what has become known as “ethnic cleansing.” During the subsequent civil war that lasted from 1992 to 1995, an estimated 100,000 people were killed, 80 percent of whom were Bosniaks.
Who was the leader associated with the policy of ethnic cleansing?
Milosevic took the former Yugoslavia into civil war during the 1990s as he tried to take advantage of the power vacuum created by the death of Marshal Tito, a hero of World War Two and Yugoslavia’s leader since 1945.
Why was there ethnic cleansing in Yugoslavia?
In the report, the ethnic cleansing in Bosnia and Herzegovina was singled out and described as a political objective of Serb nationalists who wanted to ensure control of territories with a Serb majority as well as “adjacent territories assimilated to them”.
What is the ethnic cleansing in Myanmar?
The Rohingya genocide is a series of ongoing persecutions by the Myanmar military of the Muslim Rohingya people. The genocide has consisted of two phases to date: the first was a military crackdown that occurred from October 2016 to January 2017, and the second has been occurring since August 2017.
Why is Rohingya stateless?
The Rohingya are a prime example of this link – their statelessness is a direct consequence of systemic discrimination, persecution and exclusion by Myanmar law, policy and practice over decades.
What is the problem in Myanmar?
The Rohingya conflict is an ongoing conflict in the northern part of Myanmar’s Rakhine State (formerly known as Arakan), characterised by sectarian violence between the Rohingya Muslim and Rakhine Buddhist communities, a military crackdown on Rohingya civilians by Myanmar’s security forces, and militant attacks by …
What human rights are being violated in Myanmar?
About 600,000 Rohingya remain in Rakhine State, subject to government persecution and violence, confined to camps and villages without freedom of movement, and cut off from access to adequate food, health care, education, and livelihoods.
Is Burma still a war zone?
Despite numerous ceasefires and the creation of autonomous self-administered zones in 2008, many groups continue to call for independence, increased autonomy, or the federalisation of the country. The conflict is also the world’s longest ongoing civil war, having spanned more than seven decades.
What is the current political situation in Myanmar?
Myanmar (also known as Burma) operates de jure as a unitary assembly-independent republic under its 2008 constitution. On 1 February 2021, Myanmar’s military took over the government in a coup. Anti-coup protests are ongoing as of 24 February 2021.
What are the civil liberties that citizens have in Burma?
Section 2. Respect for Civil Liberties, Including:
- a. Freedom of Speech and Press.
- b. Freedom of Peaceful Assembly and Association.
- c. Freedom of Religion.
- d. Freedom of Movement, Internally Displaced Persons, Protection of Refugees, and Stateless Persons.
What human rights of the Rohingya refugees are violated?
Throughout the last several decades, life for the Rohingya in Myanmar has been increasingly characterized by systematic deprivation and human rights violations, with official state policies in place to restrict Rohingya in their ability to marry, travel, have children, access medical care, attend schools, and more [1.
Is Myanmar rich or poor?
For the 2020 estimate, GDP per capita in Myanmar will be USD $5142.20 in PPP per capita and USD $1,608.50 in nominal per capita making it one of the poorest countries in southeast asia.
What is Myanmar’s government type?
Parliamentary system
Is Myanmar safe?
For the vast majority of visitors, travel in Myanmar is safe and should pose no serious problems. Some areas of the country remain off limits due to ongoing civil war and/or landmines.
Why is Burma dangerous?
The Burmese borders are particularly hazardous places for both terrorist and army activity. The borders with China and Laos are particularly dangerous due to drug trafficking and rebel groups, and people are cautioned not to travel near them.
What is Myanmar known for?
NATURE – Burma boasts a wide range of fish and mammals but is probably best known for its elephants, manatees, wild buffalo, tigers and leopards. Over 800 species of birds make it an ornithologist’s paradise.