What is the formula of potential difference between two points?
The potential difference between two points ΔV is often called the voltage and is given by ΔV=VB−VA=ΔPEq Δ V = V B − V A = Δ PE q . The equation for the electric potential due to a point charge is V=kQr V = kQ r , where k is a constant equal to 9.0×109 N⋅m2/C2.
What name is given to the work done per Coulomb of charge passing between two points?
Answer: One ampere is the current that flows when one coulomb of charge passes a point in a circuit in one second.
Will current flow if potential difference is zero?
Since the first branch has no resistance, according to V=IR, the potential difference between the points is zero and hence no charge will flow through the two points and all charges will take the second path.
How is charge related to voltage?
The three basic principles for this tutorial can be explained using electrons, or more specifically, the charge they create: Voltage is the difference in charge between two points. Current is the rate at which charge is flowing. Resistance is a material’s tendency to resist the flow of charge (current).
Will there be current if voltage is absent?
Voltage attempts to make a current flow, and current will flow if the circuit is complete. It is possible to have voltage without current, but current cannot flow without voltage.
Why does current return to its source?
Electricity always returns to the source of the power supply (a transformer or substation). When electrical current cannot flow through a neutral conductor, due to some type of damage or defect in the circuit, more current will use a path through the earth to return to the power supply.
What causes current to flow?
In electrical conductors, current (flow) results from the movement of electrons from one atom to the next. Negative electrons are attracted to positive electrons. At the atomic level, a negative electron will jump from one atom to another.
What are the two types of current?
There are two kinds of current electricity: direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC). With direct current, electrons move in one direction. Batteries produce direct current. In alternating current, electrons flow in both directions.
How do you know the direction of current in a wire?
Using the right hand rule for the conventional current in the wire, the right thumb is pointed along the wire pointing to the left. At point the fingers curl around and point up, out of the screen. This can be verified by putting the thumb in the direction of current anywhere in the circuit.
How do you know if a current is positive or negative?
The positive sign for current corresponds to the direction a positive charge would move. In metal wires, current is carried by negatively charged electrons, so the positive current arrow points in the opposite direction the electrons move.