What is the importance of immunization?
Immunisation saves lives. It protects you, your family and your community. Immunisation helps protect future generations by eradicating diseases. Many infectious diseases are rare or eradicated now as a result of immunisation programs, but new infectious diseases are appearing around the world.
What is Immunisation and why is it important?
Vaccination protects children from serious illness and complications of vaccine-preventable diseases which can include amputation of an arm or leg, paralysis of limbs, hearing loss, convulsions, brain damage, and death.
What is theory behind immunization?
Process. The basic theory of immunization is that the body begins to produce antibodies against it upon administration of the vaccine so that the individual is safe from disease.
What is immunization and types?
For instance, live attenuated vaccines use a weakened form of the disease-causing pathogen to protect against measles, chicken pox, and yellow fever. Subunit, recombinant, polysaccharide, and conjugate vaccines use a specific part of the pathogen to combat hepatitis B, whooping cough, and shingles.
WHO immunization definition?
Immunization is the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infection, typically by the administration of a vaccine. Vaccines stimulate the body’s own immune system to protect the person against subsequent infection.
What are the basic principle of vaccination?
Vaccination is one of the most effective medical interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases. The main principle of vaccination is the proactive induction of a protective immune response by mimicking the natural interaction of an infectious pathogen (bacteria, viruses, etc.)
What is the basic principle of vaccination Class 12?
Now, antibodies against that particular organism are already present in the body. When that organism will actually attack, antibodies which are already present in the body will kill that organism and disease will not occur. This is the principle of immunization which is given by Edward Jenner.
Who discovered the principle of vaccination?
It is often said that English surgeon Edward Jenner discovered vaccination and that Pasteur invented vaccines. Indeed, almost 90 years after Jenner initiated immunization against smallpox, Pasteur developed another vaccine—the first vaccine against rabies.
What is vaccination Class 9?
A vaccine is an antigenic substance that develops immunity against a disease which can be delivered through needle injections or by mouth or by aerosol. Vaccination is the injection of a dead or weakened organism that forms immunity against that organism in the body.
What are the principles of treatment class 9?
Kill the cause of the disease: Use medicines that can kill the pathogens. Each microbe undergoes some specific biochemical life process which helps them to survive. The intake of certain drugs that block these biochemical processes can help in killing the microorganism causing the disease.
Why do children need 9th vaccination?
Importance of Vaccination for Children Vaccination protects children from serious illness and complications of vaccine-preventable diseases like amputation of an arm or leg, paralysis of limbs, hearing loss, convulsions, brain damage, and death.
What is vaccine example?
The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine and the varicella (chickenpox) vaccine are examples. Killed (inactivated) vaccines are made from a protein or other small pieces taken from a virus or bacteria. The whooping cough (pertussis) vaccine is an example.
Is vaccine a medicine?
A vaccine is a type of medicine that trains the body’s immune system so that it can fight a disease it has not come into contact with before. Vaccines are designed to prevent disease, rather than treat a disease once you have caught it.
How many vaccines do you need?
Currently, 16 vaccines – some requiring multiple doses at specific ages and times – are recommended from birth to 18 years old. Recommended vaccines include: Influenza (annual flu shot)
What are the components of a vaccine?
Vaccines include a variety of ingredients including antigens, stabilizers, adjuvants, antibiotics, and preservatives. They may also contain residual by-products from the production process.
Is Aluminium a vaccine?
Aluminum-containing adjuvants are vaccine ingredients that have been used in vaccines since the 1930s. Small amounts of aluminum are added to help the body build stronger immunity against the germ in the vaccine. Aluminum is one of the most common metals found in nature and is present in air, food, and water.
Who schedule of immunization?
- 6 Weeks. OPV-1, Pentavalent-1, Rotavirus Vaccine (RVV)-1, Fractional dose of. Inactivated Polio Vaccine (fIPV)-1, Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine.
- 10 weeks. OPV-2, Pentavalent-2, RVV-2.
- 14 weeks. OPV-3, Pentavalent-3, fIPV-2, RVV-3, PCV-2*
- 10 years. Tetanus & adult Diphtheria (Td)
- 16 years. Td.
What is the first vaccine given to a baby?
Your baby’s first shot Hepatitis B (HepB) (1st dose)
Which immunization is given at birth?
Universal BCG vaccination at birth is recommended in countries or settings with a high incidence of TB and/or high leprosy burden. A single dose of BCG vaccine should be given to all healthy neonates at birth, ideally together with Hepatitis B birth dose.
Is BCG given at birth?
In most tuberculosis (TB) endemic countries, bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) is usually given around birth to prevent severe TB in infants. The neonatal immune system is immature. Our hypothesis was that delaying BCG vaccination from birth to 10 weeks of age would enhance the vaccine-induced immune response.
Which vaccine is most painful for babies?
Conclusions Pain was reduced when the DPTaP-Hib vaccine was administered before the PCV in infants undergoing routine vaccination. We recommend that the order of vaccine injections be the DPTaP-Hib vaccine followed by the PCV. Vaccine injections are the most common painful iatrogenic procedures performed in childhood.
Can I feed my baby after vaccination?
“Younger kids and babies are much better at living in the present moment,” Haller says, and as a result, their minds can switch quickly from “hurt, hurt, hurt” to “food, food, food.” Still, he recommends that parents feed their children after the vaccination, since infants may be more likely to throw up during the …
Can we give paracetamol to baby after vaccination?
It is recommended to administer syrup paracetamol to the child in case of fever (axillary temperature > 38 oC/100.4 oF or feels hot to touch) following vaccination at 1½ months, 2½ months and 3½ months (first, second and third doses of pentavalent) and at 16-24 months and 5-6 years (first and second booster doses of …
Can baby take a bath after vaccination?
Babies and infants They can be given a bath as normal. If the injection site is red and warm to touch, you can put a cool wet cloth (not an ice pack) on their leg or arm. If your baby feels hot, do not wrap them in too many blankets or clothes.
Does paracetamol affect vaccines?
It has found that routinely giving a baby paracetamol in the 24 hours following their childhood immunisations, although clearly successful in reducing the risk of fever developing, reduces the immune response to the vaccine.
How is paracetamol calculated by weight?
Calculating doses The usual dose of paracetamol for children is 10-15 mg per kilogram of weight. In other words, if a child weighs 20 kg it should have 10-15mg x 20, which is 200-300 mg.