What is the main idea of drive theory psychology quizlet?

Developed as an alternative to instinct theory, drive theory explains motivation as a process in which a biological need produces a drive that moves an organism to meet the need. For most drives this process returns the organism to a balanced condition, known as homeostasis.

What is incentive theory in psychology?

Rather than focusing on more intrinsic forces behind motivation, the incentive theory proposes that people are pulled toward behaviors that lead to rewards and pushed away from actions that might lead to negative consequences.

What is the drive theory of arousal?

The arousal theory of motivation suggests that people are driven to perform actions in order to maintain an optimum level of physiological arousal. Other people may do better with much lower arousal levels, so they might feel compelled to seek out soothing and relaxing activities.

What is arousal stress and anxiety?

In sport setting, arousal is often linked to anxiety. Anxiety is a negative emotional state with feelings of worry, nervousness and apprehension that is associated with the arousal and activation of the nervous system. In general, arousal has two kinds of effects on performance.

What is motivation theory psychology?

Maslow’s theory defines motivation as the process of satisfying certain needs that are required for long-term development. According to Maslow, a need is a relatively lasting condition or feeling that requires relief or satisfaction, and it tends to influence action over the long term.

How do you motivate yourself psychology?

Techniques for Boosting Motivation

Set achievable goals. Studies have found that when people make progress toward goals, they are more motivated to continue.
Acknowledge intangible rewards.
Change your interpretation of failure.
Upgrade your definition of success.
Increase the cost of inaction.

What is the main idea of drive theory psychology quizlet?

What is an example of drive-reduction theory?

Thirst, hunger, and the need for warmth are all examples of drives. A drive creates an unpleasant state, a tension that needs to be reduced. In order to reduce this state of tension, humans and animals seek out ways to fulfill these biological needs. We get a drink when we are thirsty.

What is the drive theory of motivation?

According to the drive theory of motivation, people are motivated to take certain actions in order to reduce the internal tension that is caused by unmet needs. This theory is useful in explaining behaviors that have a strong biological or physiological component, such as hunger or thirst.

What is Hull’s theory?

Biological motives are built into the organism. They include hunger, thirst, pursuit of pleasure, and avoidance of pain. Hull’s theory was one of the first systematic attempts to explain motivation. Hull thought he would explain all behavior of all organisms: a very ambitious goal.

What is the main idea of drive theory psychology?

Drive theory is based on the principle that organisms are born with certain psychological needs and that a negative state of tension is created when these needs are not satisfied. When a need is satisfied, drive is reduced and the organism returns to a state of homeostasis and relaxation.

What is Tolman’s theory?

Tolman’s theorizing has been called purposive behaviorism and is often considered the bridge between behaviorism and cognitive theory. According to Tolman’s theory of sign learning, an organism learns by pursuing signs to a goal, i.e., learning is acquired through meaningful behavior.

What is contiguity theory?

Contiguity theory suggests that forgetting is due to interference rather than the passage of time; stimuli become associated with new responses. Previous conditioning can also be changed by being associated with inhibiting responses such as fear or fatigue.

What is an example of contiguity?

In cognitive science, association by contiguity is the principle that ideas, memories, and experiences are linked when one is frequently experienced with the other. For example, if you constantly see a knife and a fork together they become linked (associated).

What is the Gestalt principle of contiguity?

Theory of contiguity, psychological theory of learning which emphasizes that the only condition necessary for the association of stimuli and responses is that there be a close temporal relationship between them. …

What is Guthrie’s contiguity theory?

Guthrie’s contiguity theory specifies that “a combination of stimuli which has accompanied a movement will on its recurrence tend to be followed by that movement”. According to Guthrie, all learning was a consequence of association between a particular st imulus and response.

What does contiguity mean?

: the quality or state of being contiguous : proximity.

What is the difference between contiguity and contingency in classical conditioning?

Contiguity: CS co-occurs with the US: they are contiguous, or close together, in space and time. Contingency: the CS predicts the US: the occurrence of the US is contingent on the prior occurrence of the CS.

Is contiguity necessary for learning?

The essence of the principle is that the temporal contiguity of a response and a stimulus is sufficient to produce learning. Specifically, the most common alternative theory contends that, in addition to S-R contiguity, reinforcement is also necessary for learning.

Is contiguity sufficient for classical conditioning?

Results of examination show pairing-contiguity as the sole necessary and sufficient factor for excitatory conditioning, while contingency-correlation is conceptualized as a modulating factor controlling minimal-maximal effects of pairing-contiguity.

What is the principle of contiguity in classical conditioning?

A principle that posits that classical conditioning is effective only when the conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus are contiguous (i.e. follow one another closely in time).

Why do immediate consequences produce better learning?

Immediate consequences that simulate real-world cues can also be more engaging than the omniscient narrator dictating what you did right or wrong. It keeps learners in the mindset of the story without hitting them over the head with a reminder that they’re learning something.

What are the two main types of consequences?

Consequences can be both positive and negative. Positive consequences show your child she has done something you like. Your child is more likely to repeat the behavior when you use positive consequences. Negative consequences let your child know you do not like what she has done.

What are two types of consequences?

There are two types of consequences: positive (sometimes called pleasant) and negative (sometimes called aversive).

What are the four types of consequences?

There are four quadrants of consequences. They are Positive Reinforcement, Negative Reinforcement, Positive Punishment and Negative Punishment.

What are examples of consequences?

Here are some examples of natural consequences:

If your child refuses to put on a coat, your child feels cold.
If your child won’t eat, your child feels hungry.
If your child doesn’t complete their homework, your child fails the assignment.
If your child breaks a rule on the sporting field, your child gets sent off.

Are consequences good or bad?

When used together, positive and negative consequences will change your child’s behavior1 —as long as they are used consistently. Use positive consequences to reinforce good behavior and enforce negative consequences to discourage bad behavior.

What are the three types of consequences?

There are three types of consequences: natural, logical, and problem-solving:

Natural: Require no prearranged adult planning or control; are the most powerful motivator for children to learn a new skill.
Logical: Are prearranged by adults and motivate children to use skills they already have.

What are consequences for bad behavior?

Consequences when Kids Refuse to Mind

Time out. Or time in.
Loss of a privilege.
Use the phrase “I’ll know you’re ready to {do this} when you {do that}.” So, “I’ll know you’re ready to get down and play when you put away your plate.
Early to nap or early to bed.
Take away a toy.

What are examples of logical consequences?

For example, their bike gets left outside and is stolen (parents refusing to replace bike, child having to save money for replacement is a logical consequence as child is not demonstrating responsibility.) Consequences are what influence most of what we do on a daily basis.