What is the third wave of criticism of the city discussed in Book 5?
Glaucon follows this line of reasoning for a time before realizing that Socrates has failed to answer the central question of the scene, the third wave: “Is it possible for this regime to come into being, and how is it ever possible” (470c)?
What are the three waves in the Republic?
In order to establish a ‘right’ politics, citizens must organize themselves on the base of these waves or principles: 1st: same education for men and women; 2nd: community of the property, that means the abolition of the private property for the ruling class; 3rd: the philosophers-kings, that is the government of the …
How does Socrates define a city?
The just city is populated by craftsmen, farmers, and doctors who each do their own job and refrain from engaging in any other role. Socrates calls this city the “healthy city” because it is governed only by necessary desires.
What is the purpose of the noble lie?
The noble lie is to serve as charter myth for Plato’s good city: a myth of national or civic identity – or rather, two related myths, one grounding that identity in the natural brotherhood of the entire indigenous population (they are all autochthonous, literally born from the earth), the other making the city’s …
What is Socrates ideal state?
Socrates argues, in an ideal state, a person who is highly educated, has passion for learning of all kinds, and has achieved the understanding of the form of the good should govern; this person is the philosopher king.
What is the city of Pigs?
Glaucon labelled the inhabitants of Socrates’ simple city “pigs” because of their diet (which consisted of such things as boiled roots and acorns) and their uncultivated rusticity. But Glaucon’s luxurious city stands equally as a city of pigs for its voracious appetitiveness and desire for wealth.
Is the principle of specialization?
The principle of specialization separates society into three classes: the class of producers (including farmers, craftsmen, doctors, etc.), the class of warriors, and the class of rulers. Specialization ensures that these classes remain in a fixed relations of power and influence.
What is the founding law of the luxurious city?
The first law is that gods are not the cause of all things, but only of good ones. The second law that writers must follow is that they should not tell about the gods being shape shifters or liers. What kinds of rules need enforcing in the luxurious city where the content of stories told to children are concerned?
Why is it better to be just than unjust?
Socrates also argues that the just life is more pleasurable than the unjust life. The view is not that pleasure is the good and that the just life is happier because it has more pleasure. Rather, the view is that the just life is happier and that it also has more pleasure than the unjust life.
What is the city soul analogy?
The Analogy of the City and the Soul The analogy of the city and the soul, is Socrates proposed and accepted method by which to argue that the just person is better off than the unjust person (Book II, 368c-369a). So, if a city or an individual is just then the same predicates must apply to both.
What is the ideal state according to Plato?
Plato’s ideal state was a republic with three categories of citizens: artisans, auxiliaries, and philosopher-kings, each of whom possessed distinct natures and capacities. Those proclivities, moreover, reflected a particular combination of elements within one’s tripartite soul, composed of appetite, spirit, and reason.
What is good life according to Plato?
This moral conception of the good life has had plenty of champions. Socrates and Plato both gave absolute priority to being a virtuous person over all other supposedly good things such as pleasure, wealth, or power. In Plato’s dialogue Gorgias, Socrates takes this position to an extreme.
What are the 3 types of soul?
the three types of soul are the nutritive soul, the sensible soul, and the rational soul.
Which part of the soul is the most dangerous according to Plato?
Plato believed in the logistikon as the logical, thinking part of the soul. He thought of thymoeides as the part of the soul that contained spirit and temper. Finally, he defined epithymetikon as the appetitive, and potentially most dangerous, part of the soul.
What is morality according to Plato?
Like most other ancient philosophers, Plato maintains a virtue-based eudaemonistic conception of ethics. That is to say, happiness or well-being (eudaimonia) is the highest aim of moral thought and conduct, and the virtues (aretê: ‘excellence’) are the requisite skills and dispositions needed to attain it.
What are the 4 ethical theories?
Four broad categories of ethical theory include deontology, utilitarianism, rights, and virtues.
What is the best ethical theory?
Utilitarianism
What are the 3 main theories of ethics?
These three theories of ethics (utilitarian ethics, deontological ethics, virtue ethics) form the foundation of normative ethics conversations.
What is the noble lie in the Republic Book 3?
At any rate, it is established that the rulers will need to lie for the sake of the city, as the truth does not necessarily benefit the gods and the citizens need not be involved with every truth of the city. Therefore, they must be lied to, for the good of the city.
What are the two parts of the noble lie?
The Noble Lie consists of two parts, the first being that everyone’s “training” and “instruction” (i.e. education) in the just regime was just a dream in the bowels of mother earth (Plato, 414d), and when they were done they were sent back up to the surface of the earth.
What is the noble lie quizlet?
The noble lie is the tale the guardians tell to the other citizens to keep the city running smoothly. The Noble lie states that everyone is naturally different and has a specific role in society.
What is a pious lie?
A pious lie has a good intention by the subject that hides a certain information or alter reality in order to not make a person suffer.