What is the wavelength of terrestrial radiation?
Terrestrial radiation is longwave low-energy radiation and is emitted in the range of 6000–20,000nm.
What are the types of solar radiation?
The three relevant bands, or ranges, along the solar radiation spectrum are ultraviolet, visible (PAR), and infrared. Of the light that reaches Earth’s surface, infrared radiation makes up 49.4% of while visible light provides 42.3% 9. Ultraviolet radiation makes up just over 8% of the total solar radiation.
What is direct solar radiation?
The solar radiation that reaches the Earth’s surface without being diffused is called direct beam solar radiation. The sum of the diffuse and direct solar radiation is called global solar radiation. Atmospheric conditions can reduce direct beam radiation by 10% on clear, dry days and by 100% during thick, cloudy days.
What is terrestrial radiation?
The portion of the natural background radiation that is emitted by naturally occurring radioactive materials, such as uranium, thorium, and radon in the earth.
What are the two basic ways to measure solar radiation?
What are the two basic ways to measure solar radiation? Explanation: Thee two basic ways to measure solar radiation are via ground-based instruments and satellite measurements. Anemometer is an instrument used to measure wind speed.
What are the instruments for measuring solar radiation and sunshine?
A pyranometer is used to measure global solar radiation falling on a horizontal surface. Its sensor has a horizontal radiation-sensing surface that absorbs solar radiation energy from the whole sky (i.e. a solid angle of 2π sr) and transforms this energy into heat.
How do we measure solar radiation?
There are two important types of instruments to measure solar radiation:
- Pyrheliometer is used to measure direct beam radiation at normal incidence. There are different types of pyrheliometers.
- Photoelectric sunshine recorder. The natural solar radiation is notoriously intermittent and varying in intensity.
What are the different methods of measuring solar radiation?
The two common methods which characterise solar radiation are the solar radiance (or radiation) and solar insolation. The measurements are taken using either a pyranometer (measuring global radiation) and/or a pyrheliometer (measuring direct radiation).
How does a pyranometer work?
The thermoelectric detection principle is used, whereby incoming radiation is almost completely absorbed by a horizontal blackened surface, over a very wide wavelength range. The resulting increase of temperature is measured via thermocouples connected in series or series-parallel to make a thermopile.
What do you mean by availability of solar radiation?
Solar energy is spread out and is available in all places around the world. Its intensity varies significantly according the place on the earth’s surface and for the same place according to the time of the day, the time of the year and the existing meteorological conditions.
What is the instrument used to measure climate?
The common instruments of measure are anemometer, wind vane, pressure sensor, thermometer, hygrometer, and rain gauge. The weather measures are formatted in special format and transmit to WMO to help the weather forecast model.
What is the instrument used to measure wind?
Anemometers
What is the oldest weather instrument?
anemometer
Who was the first meteorologists?
Aristotle is considered the founder of meteorology. One of the most impressive achievements described in the Meteorology is the description of what is now known as the hydrologic cycle.
How do we measure weather?
Measuring the elements of the weather
- What do we measure? Temperature. A thermometer
- Precipitation. A rain gauge Precipitation is measured using a rain gauge .
- Wind direction. A wind vane Wind direction is reported by the direction it is blowing from, according to the compass.
- Wind speed. An anemometer
- Atmospheric pressure. A barometer
What is used to measure air?
barometric pressure