What is true about the genetic code for an oak tree?
the genetic code for an oak tree is exactly the same as for an octopus.
Are codons universal?
Each three-letter sequence of mRNA nucleotides corresponds to a specific amino acid, or to a stop codon. UGA, UAA, and UAG are stop codons. An important point about the genetic code is that it’s universal. That is, with minor exceptions, virtually all species (from bacteria to you!)
What is the definition of a codon?
Listen to pronunciation. (KOH-don) In DNA or RNA, a sequence of 3 consecutive nucleotides that codes for a specific amino acid or signals the termination of gene translation (stop or termination codon).
How is genetic information carried from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?
mRNA carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of a cell. In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA)—produced by transcription from DNA—is decoded by a ribosome to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide.
What are the two major steps in passing genetic information?
It consists of two major steps: transcription and translation. Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression. During the process of transcription, the information stored in a gene’s DNA is passed to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cell nucleus.
Where is genetic information stored?
Genetic information is stored in the sequence of bases along a nucleic acid chain. The bases have an additional special property: they form specific pairs with one another that are stabilized by hydrogen bonds. The base pairing results in the formation of a double helix, a helical structure consisting of two strands.
How is genetic information passed?
Genetic information is passed from generation to generation through inherited units of chemical information (in most cases, genes). Organisms produce other similar organisms through sexual reproduction, which allows the line of genetic material to be maintained and generations to be linked.
What do you inherit from your mother?
One copy is inherited from their mother (via the egg) and the other from their father (via the sperm). A sperm and an egg each contain one set of 23 chromosomes. When the sperm fertilises the egg, two copies of each chromosome are present (and therefore two copies of each gene), and so an embryo forms.
Why do sons look like their mothers and daughters look like their fathers?
Y-chromosomes have fewer genes than X-chromosomes and some of them are responsible for the development of male genitals. This is why a boy is more likely to look like his mother. When it comes to girls, they receive X-chromosomes from both parents, so it’s impossible to predict what they will look like.
Who determines the intelligence of a child?
A mother’s genetics determines how clever her children are, according to researchers, and the father makes no difference. Women are more likely to transmit intelligence genes to their children because they are carried on the X chromosome and women have two of these, while men only have one.
What percentage of intelligence is inherited?
These studies suggest that genetic factors underlie about 50 percent of the difference in intelligence among individuals.
Do we inherit intelligence?
General intelligence definitely runs in the family. Twin studies (on both identical twins and fraternal twins) have found a heritability of IQ between 57% and 73%, and in some cases, even higher. Interestingly, genetic studies have revealed that a child’s IQ score is less affected by intelligence genes than an adults.