What makes an election legitimate?
The most fundamental principle defining credible elections is that they must reflect the free expression of the will of the people. To achieve this, elections should be transparent, inclusive, and accountable, and there must be equitable opportunities to compete in the elections.
What is the importance of elections in a democracy?
The nature of democracy is that elected officials are accountable to the people, and they must return to the voters at prescribed intervals to seek their mandate to continue in office. For that reason most democratic constitutions provide that elections are held at fixed regular intervals.
What is the importance of free and fair elections?
Free and fair elections are the foundation of every healthy democracy, ensuring that government authority derives from the will of the people. But to have confidence that their elections are truly free and fair, voters need to be assured of more than just a well-managed day of polling.
What are free elections?
A free elections law, also known as a free and equal elections clause, is a section in many U.S. state constitutions which mandates that elections of public officials shall be free and not influence by other powers. Most such laws were placed into state constitutions in the late 18th and early 19th century.
What is the role of voters?
Voter Responsibilities Familiarize him or herself with the candidates and issues. Maintain with the office of the Supervisor of Elections a current address. Know the location of his or her polling place and its hours of operation. Bring proper identification to the polling station.
Who is responsible for free and fair election of India?
The Election Commission of India (ECI) is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering election processes in India at national and state level.
What are the powers of Election Commission?
The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering Union and State election processes in India. The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, State Legislative Assemblies in India, and the offices of the President and Vice President in the country.
Is State Election Commission a constitutional body?
The State Election Commission Is A Constitutional Authority That Came Into Existence On After The Promulgation Of 73Rd And 74Th Amendment To The Constitution Of India To Conduct Elections To Rural And Urban Local Bodies In The States.
Which institution is responsible for free and fair election?
Free and Fair Election Network
| Abbreviation | FAFEN |
|---|---|
| Type | Nonprofit organization |
| Headquarters | Islamabad, Pakistan |
| Secretary General | Hameedullah Khan Kakar |
| Website | fafen.org |
WHO removes state election commission?
Chief Election Commissioner of India can be removed from his office by the President on the basis of a resolution passed to that effect by both the houses of parliament with a two-thirds majority in both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha on the grounds of proved misbehavior or incapacity.
Which article is related to State Election Commission?
Article 243-ZA. (1) The superintendence, direction and control of the preparation of electoral rolls for, and the conduct of, all elections to the Municipalities shall be vested in the State Election Commission referred to in Article 243-K.
What is the Article 324?
Article 324 of the Constitution provides that the power of superintendence, direction and control of elections to parliament, state legislatures, the office of president of India and the office of vice-president of India shall be vested in the election commission.
Who changed the voting age to 18?
On June 22, 1970, President Richard Nixon signed an extension of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that required the voting age to be 18 in all federal, state, and local elections.
What is Article 323 A?
Article 323 – A of the Constitution for adjudication of disputes and. complaints with respect to recruitment and conditions of service of. persons appointed to public services and posts in connection with the. affairs of the Union or other authorities under the control of the. Government.
What is the Article 315?
Articles 315 to 323 in Part XIV of the Constitution of India provides for the establishment of Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State. Each state has its own Public Service Commission with functions similar to the Union Public Service Commission.
What is Article 310?
Article 310 of the Indian Constitution incorporates the Common law doctrine of pleasure. It expressly provides that all persons who are members of the Defence Services or the Civil Services of the Union or of All-India Services hold office during the pleasure of the President.
Which article is related to UPSC?
Constitutional status. Articles 315 to 323 of Part XIV of the constitution, titled as Services Under the Union and the States, provide for a Public Service Commission for the Union and for each state. Accordingly, as per Art. 315, at Union level, Union Public Service Commission is envisaged by it.
What is Article 354 of the Revised Penal Code?
Article 354 of the same Code presumes malice, as a general rule, in every defamatory imputation, without regard to its truth or falsity. The person accused of libel is required to prove that the imputation was made with good intentions and justifiable motives.
What is Republic Act 8484?
8484 February 11, 1998. AN ACT REGULATING THE ISSUANCE AND USE OF ACCESS DEVICES, PROHIBITING FRAUDULENT ACTS COMMITTED RELATIVE THERETO, PROVIDING PENALTIES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: Section 1. Short title.
What is Article 318 Revised Penal Code?
Article 318. Other Deceits. – The penalty of arresto mayor and a fine of not less than the amount of the damage caused and not more than twice such amount shall be imposed upon any person who shall defraud or damage another by any other deceit not mentioned in the preceding articles of this chapter.
What is Article 355 of the Revised Penal Code?
— A libel is public and malicious imputation of a crime, or of a vice or defect, real or imaginary, or any act, omission, condition, status, or circumstance tending to cause the dishonor, discredit, or contempt of a natural or juridical person. Art. 355.
What is the penalty for cyber libel?
This is equivalent to imprisonment of four years, two months and one day up to a maximum of eight years. (In general, the penalties for cybercrimes, including cyber libel, are higher by one degree than that for similar crimes when they are not committed through electronic means.)
What is Article 355 and 358 Revised Penal Code?
ART. 358. Slander. — Oral defamation shall be punished by arresto mayor in its maximum period to prision correccional in its minimum period if it is of a serious and insulting nature; otherwise the penalty shall be arresto menor or a fine not exceeding 200 pesos”.
What is unjust vexation?
287 of the Revised Penal Code, unjust vexation was defined as any person who commits a course of conduct directed at a specific person that causes substantial emotional distress in such a person and serves no legitimate purpose, with a penalty of arresto mayor in its minimum period (one month and one day to six months) …
How much is the bail for unjust vexation?
Any other coercions or unjust vexations shall be punished by arresto menor or a fine ranging from One Thousand Pesos (P1,000.00) to not more than Forty Thousand (P, or both.
How do you prove unjust vexation?
Based on the above parameters, the elements of unjust vexation are: (1) there is a human conduct that unjustly annoys or irritates another person; (2) such human conduct was not attended with violence; (3) such human conduct caused annoyance, irritation, torment, distress or disturbance to the mind of the person to …
What is unjust vexation in Tagalog?
Unjust Vexation: Being Annoying Without Reason is a Crime. Unjust vexation is punishable under the second paragraph of Article 287 of the Philippines’ Revised Penal Code.