What prevents supercoiling of the DNA strands ahead of the replication bubble?
When mismatched nucleotides are detected, DNA polymerase will begin to synthesize DNA in the 3′ to 5′ direction to correct the mistake. Which of the following prevents supercoiling of the DNA strands ahead of the replication bubble? Topoisomerase.
Which of the following DNA replication enzymes is responsible for preventing supercoiling of DNA?
Topoisomerase
What breaks the bonds that hold the double helix together in DNA replication?
The enzyme that can perform this job is called a DNA helicase. These DNA helicases unzip the DNA where it needs to be synthesized. The helicases do this by breaking the nucleotide base pair hydrogen bonds that hold the two strands of DNA together. In fact, the enzyme gyrase steps in and relaxes the helix.
What is added to build the new strand of DNA?
DNA polymerase
How does DNA helicase break hydrogen bonds?
The process of breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nucleotide base pairs in double-stranded DNA requires energy. To break the bonds, helicases use the energy stored in a molecule called ATP, which serves as the energy currency of cells.
What is the 3 prime end of DNA?
Each end of DNA molecule has a number. One end is referred to as 5′ (five prime) and the other end is referred to as 3′ (three prime). The 5′ and 3′ designations refer to the number of carbon atom in a deoxyribose sugar molecule to which a phosphate group bonds
Why is RNA more important than DNA?
Due to its deoxyribose sugar, which contains one less oxygen-containing hydroxyl group, DNA is a more stable molecule than RNA, which is useful for a molecule which has the task of keeping genetic information safe. RNA, containing a ribose sugar, is more reactive than DNA and is not stable in alkaline conditions.
What is reading frame in genetics?
In molecular biology, a reading frame is a way of dividing the sequence of nucleotides in a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) molecule into a set of consecutive, non-overlapping triplets. Where these triplets equate to amino acids or stop signals during translation, they are called codons.
What is one side of DNA called?
(A grouping like this of a phosphate, a sugar, and a base makes up a subunit of DNA called a nucleotide.) These bases make up the ‘rungs’ of the ladder, and are attached to the backbone where the deoxyribose (sugar) molecules are located.