What treaty gave Britain more control in their trade with China?
Britain’s new colony flourished as an East-West trading center and as the commercial gateway and distribution center for southern China. In 1898, Britain was granted an additional 99 years of rule over Hong Kong under the Second Convention of Peking.
What did Britain gain from the Treaty of Nanjing?
In the Treaty of Nanjing that ended the First Opium War in 1842, Britain made China pay a huge indemnity (payment for losses in the war). Britain also gained Hong Kong; The Treaty of Nanjing is the treaty which marked the end of the First Opium War and would have a lasting effect on East -West relations.
What were treaty ports in China?
Treaty ports (Chinese: 商埠; Japanese: 条約港) were the port cities in China and Japan that were opened to foreign trade mainly by the unequal treaties forced upon them by Western powers, as well as cities in Korea opened up similarly by the Japanese Empire.
What was the Shanghai Port Treaty?
Beginning in the late 19th century, treaty port cities such as Shanghai and Guangzhou (Canton) constituted the major areas from which industrialization developed in China. The treaty ports were abolished in Japan in 1899 as a result of that country’s rapid industrialization and burgeoning military power.
What were the five treaty ports in China?
The Treaty of Nanking ceded Hong Kong Island to Britain in perpetuity and stipulated that five ports were to be opened to foreign trade: Canton (Guangzhou), Amoy (Xiamen), Foochow (Fuzhou), Ningpo (Ningbo), and Shanghai.
What does Treaty port mean?
: any of numerous ports and inland cities in China, Japan, and Korea formerly open by treaty to foreign commerce.
What 3 ports did the British control?
Following the establishment of the Irish Free State, three deep water Treaty Ports (Irish: Calafoirt an Chonartha) at Berehaven, Queenstown (modern Cóbh) and Lough Swilly were retained by the United Kingdom in accordance with the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 6 December 1921.
What 3 coastal ports did the Chinese government use for trade?
Following the signature of the 1842 Treaty of Nanking, British subjects are “allowed to reside, for the purpose of carrying on their mercantile pursuits, without molestation or restraint” at Canton, Shanghai, Amoy (Xiamen), Ningpo (Ningbo) and Foochow (Fuzhou).
What was the only port opened for foreign trade during the imperialism in China?
In response to a British attempt to expand their trade to some of the North China ports, the Qing emperor in 1757 issued a decree explicitly ordering that Guangzhou be made the only port opened to foreign commerce.
What goods did European merchants trade to China?
Most of what was traded was expensive luxury goods. This was because it was a long trip and merchants didn’t have a lot of room for goods. They imported, or bought, goods like cotton, ivory, wool, gold, and silver.
What was the purpose of Lord Macartney’s journey to China?
King George III (1738-1820) of England sent Macartney to convince the Chinese emperor to open northern port cities to British traders and to allow British ships to be repaired on Chinese territory.
Why did the Chinese reject opening trade up with the British?
The British went to war because of Chinese military threats to defenseless British civilians, including women and children; because China refused to negotiate on terms of diplomatic equality and because China refused to open more ports than Canton to trade, not just with Britain but with everybody.
What does Qianlong argue about relations between China and Britain?
Qianlong, the emperor of China, in response to Lord Macartney wrote a letter to King George III. He states that the Chinese and the British way of life is different that he was not interested in developing a trade relationship between the two powers.
What Qing emperor refused trade with the British?
In the eyes of the Chinese emperor the British had come to pay tribute to him rather than to establish diplomatic relations as understood in the West. In a lengthy edict addressed to George III, the Emperor refused to allow a permanent British mission to Peking, which was ‘a request contrary to our dynastic usage’.
Why did the British give a letter to Qian Long?
Macartney presents a letter from George III to Emperor Qianlong, seeking to secure diplomatic relations and improved trade conditions with Qing China.
Why did China reject offers from the West?
China was able to reject offers from the West because it was largely self-sufficient. These crops helped China increase the productivity of its land and more effectively feed its huge population. China also had extensive mining and manufacturing industries.
How did China deal with the West?
Defeated in the Opium War, China was forced to recognize the Western nations as equals and to open her markets to Western merchants. These cities were known as “treaty ports,” and the system by which Americans and other foreigners were exempt from Chinese law was called “extraterritoriality.”