Where are water masses formed?
Water masses are formed as the result of climatic effects in specific regions. Antarctic bottom water is an important water mass that forms on the Antarctic continental shelf as a cold, dense residual brine during the formation of sea ice.
Which water mass is the saltiest in the world?
That the Atlantic is the saltiest of the oceans is very clear with a branch to high salinity values at higher temperatures. The most voluminous water mass is the Pacific Deep Water that fills most of the Pacific below the intermediate waters at about 1000 m.
What are the three main water masses in the Atlantic Ocean?
Below the upper/central layer the intermediate layer consist of three main SWTs; Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), Subarctic Intermediate Water (SAIW) and Mediterranean Overflow Water (MOW).
Which water mass is the least dense?
Water density changes with temperature and salinity. Density is measured as mass (g) per unit of volume (cm³). Water is densest at 3.98°C and is least dense at 0°C (freezing point)….Water at:
- 30°C is 0.9957 g cm-³
- 4°C is 1.0000 g cm-³
- 0°C is 0.9998 g cm-³
How is VCF calculated?
Calculation of Fuel Quantity & Density-Volume Correction Factor
- Density = Temperature Corrected Density = VCF x WCF.
- Volume = Actual Sounded Volume.
- VCF = 1- {(T-15) * 0.00064}
What is the difference between density in air and density in vacuum?
Density x volume (M³) gives metric tonnes in vacuum. Density in vacuum subtracted by 0.0011 is known as density in air”. For example: 1000M³ at 15C of density 0.8560 is 856 metric tonnes (MT) in vacuum or 854.9 MT in air.
What is VCF and WCF?
In this case, we need to get the volume correction factor (VCF) to convert the volume at the observed temperature to the standard volume which is volume at 15 Deg C or Volume at 60 F respectively. We then need to apply the weight correction factor (WCF) to convert the standard volume to weight.
How do you convert density to different temperatures?
d=M/V. For different tempreture. You keep mass same and at constant pressure, note the volume at different tempratures. If you are finding the density of gases you can apply ideal gas equation i.e.