Where is C6H12O6 used?
Cellular respiration allows organisms to use (release) energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose (C6H12O6). The energy in glucose is used to produce ATP. Cells use ATP to supply their energy needs. Cellular respiration is therefore a process in which the energy in glucose is transferred to ATP.
How is C6H12O6 formed?
During photosynthesis, organisms that contain chlorophyll utilize carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) in the presence of light to make glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2).
Which process releases the greatest amount of ATP?
cellular respiration
When oxygen is unavailable pyruvic acid is converted to?
(b) Each glucose molecule produces two ATP and two molecules of pyruvic acid, which can be used in aerobic respiration or converted to lactic acid. If oxygen is not available, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid, which may contribute to muscle fatigue.
Where is the energy in ATP stored?
Adenosine Triphosphate Energy is stored in the bonds joining the phosphate groups (yellow). The covalent bond holding the third phosphate group carries about 7,300 calories of energy. Food molecules are the $1,000 dollar bills of energy storage.
Which process releases energy from food by producing ATP in the absence of oxygen?
Fermentation
What happens after glycolysis if no oxygen is present?
When oxygen is not present, pyruvate will undergo a process called fermentation. In the process of fermentation the NADH + H+ from glycolysis will be recycled back to NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue. In the process of glycolysis, NAD+ is reduced to form NADH + H+.
What is glycolysis followed by if oxygen is not present?
If oxygen is NOT present, glycolysis is followed by fermentation.
What happens to pyruvate if oxygen is present?
In Summary: Pyruvate Oxidation In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is transformed into an acetyl group attached to a carrier molecule of coenzyme A. The resulting acetyl CoA can enter several pathways, but most often, the acetyl group is delivered to the citric acid cycle for further catabolism.
What three things are made during glycolysis?
Glycolysis produces 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate molecules: Glycolysis, or the aerobic catabolic breakdown of glucose, produces energy in the form of ATP, NADH, and pyruvate, which itself enters the citric acid cycle to produce more energy.
What two processes can occur in the mitochondria if oxygen is not present after glycolysis?
Glycolysis, which is the first step in all types of cellular respiration is anaerobic and does not require oxygen. If oxygen is present, the pathway will continue on to the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. However, if oxygen is not present, some organisms can undergo fermentation to continually produce ATP.
When oxygen is present the two Pyruvates move into the mitochondria of the cell and create?
For most organisms, if oxygen is present, the products of glycolysis enter the mitochondria for stage 2 of cellular respiration – the Krebs cycle. In the mitochondrion, 3-carbon pyruvate combines with Coenzyme A to form 2-carbon Acetyl CoA and CO2, storing released energy in NADH.
Why does Kreb cycle require oxygen?
Oxygen is the final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain. Without oxygen, the electron transport chain becomes jammed with electrons. Consequently, NAD cannot be produced, thereby causing glycolysis to produce lactic acid instead of pyruvate, which is a necessary component of the Krebs Cycle.
What happens if oxygen is not present during the citric acid cycle?
If oxygen is not present, this transfer does not occur. Two carbon atoms come into the citric acid cycle from each acetyl group. Two carbon dioxide molecules are released on each turn of the cycle; however, these do not contain the same carbon atoms contributed by the acetyl group on that turn of the pathway.
Is citric acid cycle anaerobic?
Part of this is considered an aerobic pathway (oxygen-requiring) because the NADH and FADH2 produced must transfer their electrons to the next pathway in the system, which will use oxygen. If oxygen is not present, this transfer does not occur. The citric acid cycle does NOT occur in anaerobic respiration.
How the TCA cycle depends on oxygen?
Oxygen is required for the citric acid cycle indirectly inasmuch as it is the electron acceptor at the end of the electron-transport chain, necessary to regenerate NAD+ and FAD.