Where is upwelling suppressed during El Nino?
The effects are most immediate in the equatorial Pacific. The thicker, warmer surface layer of water in the Eastern Pacific suppresses the upwelling of cooler, nutrient-rich water from the depths.
What is El Nino in relation to ocean oscillations?
El Niño: A warming of the ocean surface, or above-average sea surface temperatures (SST), in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. Over Indonesia, rainfall tends to become reduced while rainfall increases over the tropical Pacific Ocean.
What happens during El Nino years when coastal upwelling off the coast of South America is disrupted?
ENSO is a disruption of the ocean-atmosphere system in the tropical Pacific such that coastal upwelling off the Peruvian coast decreases or stops. This results in a warming of the surface water off Peru that can spread across the Pacific ocean.
Which of the following is associated with El Nino phenomenon?
During an El Niño event, westward-blowing trade winds weaken along the Equator. These changes in air pressure and wind speed cause warm surface water to move eastward along the Equator, from the western Pacific to the coast of northern South America.
How does El Niño affect food production?
The drought conditions due to El Niño have a direct negative impact on maize production and long term crop production statistics analysis carried out by WFP show that drops in maize yield are clearly more frequent during El Niño seasons particularly for South Africa (largest producer) and Zimbabwe (most food insecure).
How does El Nino affect wildlife?
An El Niño reduces the upwelling of cold water off the coast of the Americas. When this happens, fish either die or migrate into areas where they’ll find more to eat. Off California, fish populations may also be reduced. Marine mammals, such as seals and sea lions, that feed on fish may be affected.
Why do El Niños occur?
El Niño occurs when warm water builds up along the equator in the eastern Pacific. The warm ocean surface warms the atmosphere, which allows moisture-rich air to rise and develop into rainstorms. The clearest example of El Niño in this series of images is 1997.
Where does El Nino occur?
the Pacific Ocean
How are El Nino events detected?
In the tropical Pacific Ocean, El Niño is detected by many methods, including satellites, moored buoys, drifting buoys, sea level analysis, and expendable buoys.
How does El Nino work?
How Does El Niño Work? In normal years, the winds tend to blow from east to west across the waters of the tropical Pacific. During El Niño years, the winds weaken, causing the upwelling of deep water to cease. The consequent warming of the ocean surface further weakens the winds and strengthens El Niño.