Which factors affects the amount of runoff that occurs in an area?

The principal climatic factors that affect the amount of runoff for a given watershed are rainfall duration and intensity, the season of the year, and the meteorologic and frozen soil conditions before the storm. Total runoff for a storm is related to the rainfall duration and intensity.

What five factors determine the amount of runoff in an area?

The amount of rain an area receives.
Vegetation – Deserts have a lot of runoff because there is very few plants to protect the soil.
The type of soil (some types of soil absorb more water than others.
The shape of the land.
How people use the land.

What determines the amount of runoff quizlet?

The five main factors that determine the amount of runoff in an area are the amount of rain, vegetation, type of soil, shape of the land, and how people use the land.

Which of the following factors affect the runoff?

Meteorological factors affecting runoff: Rainfall intensity. Rainfall amount. Rainfall duration. Distribution of rainfall over the watersheds.

What are the 4 factors that affect runoff?

Meteorological factors affecting runoff:

Type of precipitation (rain, snow, sleet, etc.)
Rainfall intensity.
Rainfall amount.
Rainfall duration.
Distribution of rainfall over the drainage basin.
Direction of storm movement.
Precipitation that occurred earlier and resulting soil moisture.

What is an example of a runoff?

Runoff is defined as excess water draining away from land or buildings. The overflow of water that drains off of your driveway is an example of runoff. Dissolved chemicals, etc, included in such water. The runoff of nitrates is poisoning the lake.

What are the two main components of runoff?

COMPONENTS OF RUNOFF:

Direct rainfall over the stream:-
Surface runoff or overland flow: –
Subsurface flow or interflow:–
Base flow, groundwater flow or Dry weather flow:-

What do you mean by runoff?

Runoff, in hydrology, quantity of water discharged in surface streams. Runoff also includes groundwater that is discharged into a stream; streamflow that is composed entirely of groundwater is termed base flow, or fair-weather runoff, and it occurs where a stream channel intersects the water table.

What is direct runoff?

Water that flows over the ground surface directly into streams, rivers, or lakes. Also called storm runoff.

How do you calculate total runoff?

Simple, straightforward methods of calculating runoff can tell you the amount of water that storms bring to the earth. For a given surface area such as a roof or yard, multiply the area by the inches of rainfall and divide by 231 to obtain the runoff in gallons.

What is the difference between runoff and discharge?

The data in the reports of the Geological Survey on surface water represent the total fluids measured. Thus, the terms discharge, streamflow, and runoff represent water with the solids dissolved in it and the sediment mixed with it. Of these terms, discharge is the most comprehensive.

How do humans affect runoff?

Human activities can affect runoff In addition to increasing imperviousness, removal of vegetation and soil, grading the land surface, and constructing drainage networks increase runoff volumes and shorten runoff time into streams from rainfall and snowmelt.

What is another word for runoff?

sewage	excrement
outpouring	emanation
effluence	efflux
pollution	seepage
overflow	liquid waste

Which will cause an increase in runoff and infiltration in an area?

As the slope of the land increases, runoff increases. As the permeability of the ground increases, runoff decreases. As the degree of saturation increases, runoff increases. As long as precipitation rates exceed infiltration rates, runoff will occur.

What particle size has the greatest capillarity?

silt

How do you calculate infiltration?

The infiltration volume is obtained by subtracting runoff volume from rainfall volume. The average infiltration rate is obtained by dividing infiltration volume by rainfall duration.

What is meant by infiltration?

Infiltration is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. It is commonly used in both hydrology and soil sciences. The infiltration capacity is defined as the maximum rate of infiltration. The infiltration capacity decreases as the soil moisture content of soils surface layers increases.

How do you test soil infiltration?

Infiltration tests estimate the rate at which runoff will infiltrate, or pass through, native soil. An infiltration test, in essence, involves digging a hole, pouring in water, and measuring the drop in water level over time.

What is infiltration short answer?

Infiltration is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. Infiltration is governed by two forces, gravity, and capillary action. Infiltration rate in soil science is a measure of the rate at which a particular soil is able to absorb rainfall or irrigation.

What is meant by infiltration Class 7?

The rainwater and water from other sources such as rivers and ponds seep through the soil and fills the empty spaces and cracks deep below the ground. The process of seeping of water into the ground is called infiltration.

What is the difference between percolation and infiltration?

Infiltration and percolation Water infiltrates the soil by moving through the surface. Percolation is the movement of water through the soil itself.