Which of the following statement describes the histology of the ureters?
A&P Final Ex. 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following statements describes the histology of the ureters? | A. The are trilayered (Mucosa, muscularis, and adventitia). |
| The filtration membrane includes all but: | A. Renal fascia |
| The mechanism of water reabsorption by the renal tubule is: | B. Osmosis |
What is the general histological organization of the ureters?
The wall of the ureter consists of three layers. The outer layer, the fibrous coat, is a supporting layer of fibrous connective tissue. The middle layer, the muscular coat, consists of the inner circular and outer longitudinal smooth muscle. The main function of this layer is peristalsis: to propel the urine.
What type of epithelium is found in the ureters?
Lining epithelium: The urinary bladder lining is a specialized stratified epithelium, the urothelium. The urothelium is exclusively in urinary structures such as the ureter, urinary bladder, and proximal urethra.
What tissues make up the ureters?
The wall of the ureter has three layers, the adventitia, or outer layer; the intermediate, muscular layer; and the lining, made up of mucous membrane. The adventitia consists of fibroelastic connective tissue that merges with the connective tissue behind the peritoneum.
Is submucosa present in ureter?
There are no mucosal or submucosal glands, and no submucosa. There is a layer of smooth muscle outside the mucosa: The upper two-thirds has two layers of smooth muscle: inner longitudinally arranged, and outer circularly arranged.
What is the main function of ureter?
Two ureters. These narrow tubes carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Muscles in the ureter walls continually tighten and relax forcing urine downward, away from the kidneys. If urine backs up, or is allowed to stand still, a kidney infection can develop.
Why are there two ureters?
Duplex kidney, also known as duplicated ureters or duplicated collecting system, is the most common birth defect related to the urinary tract. This occurs due to an incomplete fusion of the upper and lower pole of the kidney which creates two separate drainage systems from the kidney.
What are the disorders of the ureter?
When urine cannot leave the body and starts to build up in the kidneys, it is called obstructive uropathy. Obstructive uropathy can lead to hydronephrosis (swelling of the kidneys). If left untreated, obstruction of the ureter can cause serious problems like kidney failure, sepsis and death.
Where is ureter pain?
The most common symptom of a kidney or ureter stone is pain. You might feel pain in your lower abdomen or your flank, which is the area of your back just under your ribs. The pain can be mild and dull, or it can be excruciating. The pain may also come and go and radiate to other areas.
Can you see ureters on ultrasound?
Ultrasound can detect cysts, tumors, abscesses, obstructions, fluid collection, and infection within or around the kidneys. Calculi (stones) of the kidneys and ureters may be detected by ultrasound.
What symptoms would you expect if the stones lodge in a ureter?
Signs and symptoms of kidney and ureteral stones may include:
- Pain in the back and side, often just below the ribs.
- Pain that changes, for example:
- Pain with urination.
- Nausea and/or vomiting.
- More frequent urination.
- Urine that is cloudy or has a strong, foul smell.
- Blood in the urine.
Where is my ureter?
The ureter is a tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. There are two ureters, one attached to each kidney. The upper half of the ureter is located in the abdomen and the lower half is located in the pelvic area.
How do you know if you have a narrow urethra?
Signs and symptoms of urethral stricture include: Decreased urine stream. Incomplete bladder emptying. Spraying of the urine stream.
How do you unblock your ureter?
Treatment
- A ureteral stent, a hollow tube inserted inside the ureter to keep it open.
- Percutaneous nephrostomy, during which your doctor inserts a tube through your back to drain the kidney directly.
- A catheter, a tube inserted through the urethra to connect the bladder to an external drainage bag.
How long can a kidney stone be stuck in the ureter?
Around 80% of kidney stones that are smaller than 4 millimeters (mm) will pass on their own in about 31 days. Approximately 60% of kidney stones that are 4–6 mm will pass on their own in about 45 days. Around 20% of kidney stones that are larger than 6 mm will pass on their own in about 12 months.
What size stone can pass through ureter?
The smaller the kidney stone, the more likely it will pass on its own. If it is smaller than 5 mm (1/5 inch), there is a 90% chance it will pass without further intervention. If the stone is between 5 mm and 10 mm, the odds are 50%. If a stone is too large to pass on its own, several treatment options are available.