Which type of operant consequence involves removing an unpleasant stimulus to strengthen behavior?
Video Clip: Thorndike’s Puzzle Box
| Operant conditioning term | Description | Outcome |
|---|---|---|
| Negative reinforcement | Reduce or remove an unpleasant stimulus | Behavior is strengthened |
| Positive punishment | Present or add an unpleasant stimulus | Behavior is weakened |
| Negative punishment | Reduce or remove a pleasant stimulus | Behavior is weakened |
What is an example of operant behavior?
Operant behavior is done because it produces some type of consequence. For example, you are probably familiar with Pavlov’s dog (classical conditioning) in which the dog salivated in response to meet powder. The dog couldn’t control the salivation…that’s classical conditioning.
Which type of stimulus following a behavior removes something that is unpleasant?
Positive reinforcement strengthens a response by presenting something that is typically pleasant after the response, whereas negative reinforcement strengthens a response by reducing or removing something that is typically unpleasant.
What is the stimulus in operant conditioning?
In operant conditioning, stimuli present when a behavior that is rewarded or punished controls that behavior. For example, a child may learn to open a box to get the sweets inside, or learn to avoid touching a hot stove; in operant terms, the box and the stove are “discriminative stimuli”.
Does stimulus control appear in classical conditioning?
In operant conditioning, the antecedent stimulus does not directly elicit the response, as it does in classical conditioning. Instead, the stimulus sets the occasion for a response to be reinforced.
Which is the best example of stimulus control?
Stimulus-based control of behavior occurs when the presence or absence of an Sd or S-delta controls the performance of a particular behavior. For example, the presence of a stop sign (S-delta) at a traffic intersection alerts the driver to stop driving and increases the probability that “braking” behavior will occur.
How do you establish a stimulus control?
Stimulus control can be created through differential reinforcement. It is commonly used with children with autism during discrete trial lessons. Stimulus control can be used in a classroom environment to increase the on-task behavior of the students.
What is the purpose of stimulus control?
Stimulus control is a term used to describe situations in which a behavior is triggered by the presence or absence of some stimulus. If a person always eats when watching TV, then (in the operant conditioning use of the term) eating behavior is controlled by the stimulus of watching TV.
What is an example of faulty stimulus control?
The introduction of any feature of the discriminative stimulus to the incorrect comparison stimuli may inadvertently establish faulty stimulus control. For example, an instructor may use a set of stuffed animals to teach color identification.
What is faulty stimulus control in ABA?
This is when a response is emitted in the presence of a stimulus but it is under the control of irrelevant antecedent stimuli.
How is overgeneralization different from faulty stimulus control?
How is overgeneralization different from faulty stimulus control? Overgeneralization displays relevant features between stimuli, but faulty generalization does not have relevant similar features 36.
How do I teach my listener to respond?
You can also practice listener responding skills by having your child touch or point to nearby items you name, giving as much help as needed. (For example, he/she could point to different foods on the table as you name them before you eat dinner, or touch animals you name from an animal picture book.)
Is listener responding a verbal behavior?
Listener Responding is a form of verbal behavior that requires the listener to respond to another’s verbal behavior (e.g. Where is your shoes?, Get a pencil). This is also referred to as Receptive Language.
How will you cultivate your students receptive skills?
The receptive skills lesson plan starts with preparing the students through warm-up and lead-in activities. Then, the teacher focusses on the strategies (e.g. predicting, inferring meaning from the context, locating referents, etc.) needed to understand the spoken or the written text.
What are three examples of a stimulus?
Examples of stimuli and their responses:
- You are hungry so you eat some food.
- A rabbit gets scared so it runs away.
- You are cold so you put on a jacket.
- A dog is hot so lies in the shade.
- It starts raining so you take out an umbrella.
What is needed for stimulus control?
Reinforcement and extinction of behaviors are the fundamentals in creating stimulus control. When the stimulus is present, the desired behavior is reinforced. When the stimulus is absent, the behavior is ignored or put on extinction.
What is a discriminative stimulus give an example?
A discriminative stimulus is the antecedent stimulus that has stimulus control over behavior because the behavior was reliably reinforced in the presence of that stimulus in the past. In the example above, the grandma is the discriminative stimulus for the behavior of asking for candy.
Which type of stimulus follows behavior?
In operant conditioning, positive reinforcement involves the addition of a reinforcing stimulus following a behavior that makes it more likely that the behavior will occur again in the future. When a favorable outcome, event, or reward occurs after an action, that particular response or behavior will be strengthened.
Which of the following is an example of stimulus generalization?
Potty training is a good example of stimulus generalization in operant conditioning. When a child is learning to use the toilet, rewards are often used to increase the desired behaviors.
Which is the best example of stimulus generalization?
Classical and Operant Conditioning Little Albert’s fear of white furry objects is a great example of how stimulus generalization works in classical conditioning. While the child had originally been conditioned to fear a white rat, his fear also generalized to similar objects.
What is an example of generalization?
Generalization, in psychology, the tendency to respond in the same way to different but similar stimuli. For example, a child who is scared by a man with a beard may fail to discriminate between bearded men and generalize that all men with beards are to be feared.
What is an example of response generalization?
Response generalization occurs when your child shows a positive learned behavior in a novel way and is something that you should look for to gauge your child’s progress. For example, after learning to use a spoon to eat cereal, response generalization would include your child selecting to use a spoon to eat ice cream.
What are the three types of generalization?
Generalization includes three specific forms: Stimulus generalization, response generalization, and maintenance. Stimulus generalization involves the occurrence of a behavior in response to another similar stimulus.
What is generalization behavior?
Generalization is the ability to complete a task, perform an activity, or display a behavior across settings, with different people, and at different times. The reason we are able to complete everyday tasks in a variety of situations and settings is that we have “generalized” the skills involved.