Why do we prefer silicon over Germanium?
The structure of Germanium crystals will be destroyed at higher temperature. However, Silicon crystals are not easily damaged by excess heat. Peak Inverse Voltage ratings of Silicon diodes are greater than Germanium diodes. Si is less expensive due to the greater abundance of element.
Why silicon is preferred for making electronic devices?
Silicon is used for electronic devices because it is an element with very special properties. Silicon’s electrical properties can be modified through a process called doping. These characteristics make it an ideal material for making transistors that amplify electrical signals.
Why do leakage currents occur?
The leakage current in equipment flows when an unintentional electrical connection occurs between the ground and an energized part or conductor. The leakage in devices is largely due to the imperfections in the insulators or materials that make the component such as the semiconductors and capacitors.
Is current leakage normal?
Some amount of leakage current is generally considered acceptable, however, excessive leakage current, exceeding 30 mA, can create a hazard for users of the equipment. In some applications, e.g., medical devices with patient contact, the acceptable amount of leakage current can be quite low, less than 10 mA.
How do you fix leakage current?
An especially simple and effective option for reducing leakage current is to use a 4-conductor filter with a neutral conductor instead of a 3-conductor filter.
How can leakage current be controlled?
The best ways to prevent leakage current are to always use shielded cables on motor installations and to make sure that these cables are grounded at both ends. Also, check cables and insulation for damage and replace ones that are broken or damaged.
How can we stop earth leakage?
Whatever the source of earth leakage, it must be prevented from causing electric shocks. This is usually done by using either RCDs (residual current devices) or RCBOs (residual current circuit breakers with overcurrent protection).
What are the types of leakage current?
There are two types of leakage current: ac leakage and dc leakage. Dc leakage current usually applies only to end-product equipment, not to power supplies.
How do you test for earth leakage?
Put the line and neutral in the jaws, and you can measure the imbalance between the two and hence the total leakage to earth of the system. Using this technique you can find the problem circuit and either isolate it or go on to discover if there is a particular problem appliance.
What are leakage current effects?
On circuits protected by GFCIs (Ground Fault Current Interrupters), leakage current can cause unnecessary and intermittent tripping. In extreme cases, it can cause a rise in voltage on accessible conductive parts. Insulation has both electrical resistance and capacitance—and it conducts current through both paths.
What happens when a capacitor leaks?
A failing electrolytic capacitor typically generates hydrogen gas as the electrolyte solution begins breaking down. This causes a build-up of internal gas pressure which swells the case. If the pressure becomes too high, the safety vent may blow, ejecting conductive liquid electrolyte into the surrounding electronics.