What is the difference between wet cooling tower and dry cooling tower?
Open-circuit cooling towers (also referred to as wet cooling towers), where process water directly contacts with the ambient air; Closed-circuit cooling towers, or dry coolers, involve no direct contact between the ambient air and the fluid being cooled.
Which of the cooling tower has highest efficiency?
The film type of fill is the more efficient and provides same heat transfer in a smaller volume than the splash fill. Cold water basin: The cold water basin, located at or near the bottom of the tower, receives the cooled water that flows down through the tower and fill.
What is the purpose of blowdown in cooling tower?
Cooling tower bleed-off/blowdown occurs periodically throughout the day to remove high concentrations of mineralized water from the tower due to evaporation. Scale formation occurs if the concentration of minerals in a cooling tower increases to a level higher than the saturation point of the system water.
What is TDS cooling tower?
Cooling towers are used within some businesses for process water cooling or as part of an air-conditioning system. ‘Bleed’, ‘blow-down’ or ‘dump’ cycles – as water is evaporated, concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) increase which is detrimental to the efficient operation of the unit.
What causes high pH in cooling tower?
The circulating water is aerated each time it passes over the cooling tower. This reduces the carbon dioxide concentration in the water to the equilibrium value for the atmospheric conditions, causing the pH to rise. The rapid increase in pH across the tower can lead to calcium carbonate scaling on the tower fill.
What are the two types of cooling systems?
There are two types of cooling systems: (i) Air cooling system and (ii) Water-cooling system. In this type of cooling system, the heat, which is conducted to the outer parts of the engine, is radiated and conducted away by the stream of air, which is obtained from the atmosphere.
What causes scale in cooling towers?
Scale deposits form when the solubility of dissolved minerals in the cooling water is exceeded. Cooling towers function by evaporating a percentage of the water into the atmosphere. As the temperature increases, such as in heat exchangers and other heat transfer equipment, the solubility of scale decreases.
What are the three main water treatment concerns in building cooling tower systems?
For cooling tower systems, efficient heat removal is a requirement for both design and operation. This article takes a look at some available water treatment methods to prevent the three primary problems associated with cooling tower water: scale/deposits, corrosion and microbial growth.