What is the working fluid in a Rankine Cycle?
The operating principles for organic and steam-based Rankine cycles are similar. The main difference is the choice of working fluid. Refrigerants such as butane, pentane, hexane and silicon oil, which have lower boiling temperatures than water, can be used as working fluids in organic Rankine cycles (ORCs).
What is delivered water in Rankine Cycle?
The Rankine cycle system consists of a pump, boiler, turbine, and condenser. The pump delivers liquid water to the boiler. The boiler heated by the solar heat converts water to superheated steam. This steam is used to run the turbine which powers the generator.
What type of process is the ideal Rankine Cycle?
The Rankine cycle is the ideal cycle for vapor power plants; it includes the following four reversible processes: 1-2: Isentropic compression Water enters the pump as state 1 as saturated liquid and is compressed isentropically to the operating pressure of the boiler.
What are the four process of Rankine Cycle?
The ideal Rankine cycle consists of the following four processes, as shown on the T-s diagram on the left: 1-2: Isentropic compression in a pump. 2-3: Constant pressure heat addition in a boiler. 4-1: Constant pressure heat rejection in a condenser.
What is difference between Carnot and Rankine Cycle?
Difference Between Carnot And Rankine Cycle In Tabular Form Carnot cycle is a theoretical cycle. Its efficiency at its highest between two temperature difference. Rankine cycle is a practical cycle of turbine and steam engine. Carnot cycle uses air as the working substance.
What are the methods to improve the efficiency of Rankine Cycle?
There are three ways to increase the efficiency of the simple ideal Rankine cycle.
- Decreasing the condenser pressure. The effect of lowering the condenser pressure on the Rankine cycle efficiency is illustrated on a T-s diagram on the left.
- Superheating the steam to a high temperature.
- Increasing the boiler pressure.
Why is Rankine Cycle considered most practical cycle?
The efficiency of the Rankine cycle is limited by the high heat of vaporization by the fluid. The fluid must be cycled through and reused constantly, therefore, water is the most practical fluid for this cycle. This means the pump requires less work to compress the water—resulting in higher overall efficiencies.
What is the difference between a Rankine Cycle & a Brayton cycle?
The key difference between Rankine cycle and Brayton cycle is that the Rankine cycle is a vapour cycle, whereas the Brayton cycle is a cycle between liquid and vapour phases. Both the Rankine cycle and Brayton cycle are thermodynamic cycles.
Which condition of Rankine cycle has highest efficiency?
The cold liquid leaving the feed pump is mixed with the saturated liquid in the boiler and/or re-heated to the boiling temperature. The resulting irreversibility reduces the efficiency of the boiler. According to the Carnot process, the highest efficiency is reached if heat transfer occurs isothermally.
What is the basic principle of regeneration?
What is the basic principle of regeneration? Explanation: In regeneration steam from condenser is circulated through turbine to increase steam temperature before it enters boiler. Explanation: Feedwater is preheated so as to decrease the fuel consumption which increases efficiency.
What is reverse Rankine Cycle?
An ideal thermodynamic cycle consisting of heat addition at constant pressure, isentropic expansion, heat rejection at constant pressure, and isentropic compression; used as an ideal standard for the performance of heat-engine and heat-pump installations operating with a condensable vapor as the working fluid, such as …
What is the range of Rankine cycle efficiency of a good steam power plant?
Rankine cycle efficiency of a good Steam Power Plant may be in the range of? Explanation: Efficiency of Rankine cycle in actual working condition is found to be between 35 to 45%. 10. A simple Rankine cycle operates the Boiler at 3 MPa with an outlet temperature of 350°C and the Condenser at 50 kPa.
Which power plant has maximum operating cost?
Power Generation/Comparison
| Power Station | Rank | Initial Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Steam Power station | 2 | Are lower than those of Hydro & Nuclear. |
| Hydro Power station | 3 | Are very high because of dam construction. |
| Diesel Power station | 1 | Lowest compared to all other power stations. |
| Nuclear Power station | 4 | Highest due to complex nuclear reactors. |
What is the thermal efficiency of steam power plant?
Explanation: Thermal efficiency of steam power plant is the ratio of the heat equivalent of mechanical energy transmitted to the turbine shaft and the heat of the combustion. Thermal efficiency is generally quite low about 30%. Efficiency of generator is called generation efficiency.
How can we increase the efficiency of steam power plant?
Tips to improve steam plant efficiency
- Step 1: Do a Steam Trap Survey. First, a steam trap survey can easily identify leaking or faulty traps and provide significant potential savings.
- Step 2: Understand the Value of Condensate.
- Step 3: Insulate your Steam System.
- Step 4: Look for Steam Leaks.
- Step 5: Start Steam Metering.
Which power plant has highest efficiency?
First 9HA Gas Turbine Installed And when it comes to efficient natural gas-fired plants, there are none better than EDF Bouchain. The 605-MW unit has been recognized by Guinness World Records as the most-efficient combined cycle power plant in the world, with a third-party verified net efficiency of 62.22%.
Which power plant has lowest running cost?
Hydroelectric power plant
What is the best type of power plant?
- Hydroelectric power plants. Hydroelectric power plants are one of the most effective and eco-friendliest of all power plants.
- Nuclear power plants. Nuclear power stations also top the list of power plants that can produce massive amounts of energy.
- Coal-run power plants.
Which domestic utility item has highest power rating?
Electric iron
Which plant can never have 100% load factor?
Power Generation Economics : Multiple Choice Questions (D) 1.0. 19. Which plant can never have 100% load factor ? (D) Base load plant.
What is average load factor?
The load factor is a dimensionless number equal to the average load divided by the peak load. For example, if the average load is 66 kWh/d (or 2.75 kW) and the peak load is 10.5 kW, the load factor is 2.75 kW/10.5 kW = 0.26.
Which type of loads has highest load factor?
The residential load has the highest diversity factor. Industrial loads have low diversity factors usually of 1.4, street light practically unity and other loads vary between these limits.
What is a good load factor?
If your load factor ratio is above 0.75 your electrical usage is reasonably efficient. If the load factor is below 0.5, you have periods of very high usage (demand) and a low utilization rate.
What is the formula of load factor?
The load factor percentage is derived by dividing the total kilowatt-hours (kWh) consumed in a designated period by the product of the maximum demand in kilowatts (kW) and the number of hours in the period. In the example below, the monthly kWh consumption is 36,000 and the peak demand is 100 kW.
What is load demand factor?
In electrical engineering the demand factor is taken as a time independent quantity where the numerator is taken as the maximum demand in the specified time period instead of the averaged or instantaneous demand. This is the peak in the load profile divided by the full load of the device.