How is trench fever transmitted?
Trench fever, Bartonella quintana Trench fever is transmitted by the human body louse. Because of its association with body louse infestations, trench fever is most commonly associated with homelessness or areas of high population density and poor sanitation.
What is trench fever?
Trench fever is a louse-borne disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium Bartonella quintana and observed originally in military populations during World Wars I and II. Symptoms are an acute, recurring febrile illness, occasionally with a rash. Humans are the only reservoir of this Bartonella infection.
What caused trench fever in ww1?
By the end of World War I, the human body louse Pediculus humanus was recognized as the likely vector for trench fever transmission. Rickettsia -like organisms in the body and feces of P humanus were postulated to be the cause.
How was trench fever prevented?
Trench fever, Bartonella quintana Avoid exposure to human body lice. Body lice are typically associated with crowded living conditions and limited access to bathing and clean clothes. Do not share clothing, beds, bedding, and towels used by a person who might have body lice.
How long did trench fever last?
| Trench fever | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Wolhynia fever, shin bone fever, Meuse fever, His disease and His–Werner disease |
| Specialty | Infectious disease |
| Symptoms | fever |
| Duration | 5 days |
How did they treat trench fever?
When medical officers first tried to treat trench fever, they used those medicaments that they had nearest to hand: those they carried in their standard issue drug boxes. One of these, quinine, was the first drug reportedly used to treat the condition.
Why were the trenches swimming with rats?
The excessive presence of rats was mostly due to the highly unsanitary conditions of the trenches. While garbage was one of these factors, the luring of rats can be mainly attributed to the forgotten rotting corpses of dead soldiers. Numerous rats would always be found gnawing on these dead bodies.
What was the land between the trenches called?
“No Man’s Land” was a popular term during the First World War to describe the area between opposing armies and trench lines.
What was in no man’s land?
the narrow, muddy, treeless stretch of land, characterized by numerous shell holes, that separated German and Allied trenches during the First World War. Being in No Man’s Land was considered very dangerous since it offered little or no protection for soldiers.
What were 2 dangers of being in the trenches?
Trench life involved long periods of boredom mixed with brief periods of terror. The threat of death kept soldiers constantly on edge, while poor living conditions and a lack of sleep wore away at their health and stamina.
How many people died on the first day of WWI?
19,240 fatalities
What was the longest battle in history?
The Battle Of Verdun
What was the strongest army in history?
During and right after the war, the Red Army was by far the most powerful land army in the world. With 500 divisions, most of them being Guard divisions.