Can I reference an abstract?

Can I reference an abstract?

It is preferable to cite the full text of a work, but abstracts can be used as sources and included in the reference list IF you indicate as such in the citation.

How do you Harvard reference a drawing?

Painting or Drawing

1. Artist.
2. Year (if available).
3. Title of the work (in italics).
4. Medium (in square brackets).
5. Institution or collection that houses the work, followed by the city.

How do you reference a research paper Harvard style?

Available at: URL. (Accessed: date)….Research Report

1. Author or organisation.
2. Year of publication (in round brackets).
3. Title of report (in italics).
4. Place of publication: publisher.

How do you cite in-text Harvard style?

Format

1. To cite a reference in the text of your work, insert the reference material and then immediately place the author’s surname and the year of publication in brackets after it, e.g. (Dawkins 2012).
2. You must include the page number(s) if you are paraphrasing the reference or quoting it, e.g.

What is Harvard referencing style format?

Harvard (Author-Date) style The Harvard referencing style is another popular style using the author-date system for in-text citations. In-text citation: It consists mainly of the authors’ last name and the year of publication (and page numbers if it is directly quoted) in round brackets placed within the text.

What is the difference between Harvard and APA referencing?

APA referencing is a variant on Harvard style. Most of the conventions are the same, with brief author-date citations in brackets in the body of the text and full citations in the reference list. It is usual to include a reference list only rather than a bibliography in APA style..

What to reference and what not to reference?

Here are some guidelines to help you navigate citation practices.

• Cite when you are directly quoting.
• Cite when you are summarizing and paraphrasing.
• Cite when you are citing something that is highly debatable.
• Don’t cite when what you are saying is your own insight.
• Don’t cite when you are stating common knowledge.

Can you reference your own work?

If you cite or quote your previous work, treat yourself as the author and your own previous course work as an unpublished paper, as shown in the APA publication manual. If your original work contained citations from other sources, you will need to include those same citations in the new work as well, per APA.

How do you cite yourself as primary source?

Bottom Line: When citing yourself, in whichever style you are utilizing, cite in-text citations to identify yourself as the author. On your Works Cited Page (MLA) or Reference List (APA), identify yourself as the author using the format for an unpublished paper (or published, if you have published it!)

How do you reference your own diagram?

If you use graphs, diagrams, photographs or other images in your work that you have created yourself, you do not need to reference them, but you do still need to give them a caption and explain why they are there. Give your Figure a number (in italics) and title to describe it.

How do you acknowledge an image source?

Include information in the following order:

1. author (if available)
2. year produced (if available)
3. title of image (or a description)
4. Format and any details (if applicable)
5. name and place of the sponsor of the source.
6. accessed day month year (the date you viewed/ downloaded the image)

How do you cite your own picture?

Cite yourself as the photographer. Include the title or description, along with a period, in quotation marks. State the year you took the photograph and a period. Complete the citation by stating the file extension of the photograph (e.g. JPEG file, GIF file, PNG file).

How do you reference a table Harvard referencing?

A reference within the text to a table, graph, diagram, etc. taken from a source should include the author, date and page number in brackets to enable the reader to identify the data. If you have already named the author in the text, only the publication year and page number needs to be mentioned in brackets.

How do you reference a figure in text?

When citing a table or a figure in text, refer to it by its number, such as “Table 3” or “Figure 2.” Do not refer to it by its position relative to the text (e.g., “the figure below”) or its page number (e.g., “the table on page 12”); these will change when your paper is typeset, assuming you are writing a draft …

How do you cite a figure in a research paper?

Above the figure/table

1. Write ” Figure ” or ” Table ” in bold font, flush left, followed by the number, for example, Figure 1.
2. Write the figure/table title using italic case below the figure/table number,
3. Double-space the figure/table number and title,
4. Embed image.

How do you Intext reference a website?

Cite web pages in text as you would any other source, using the author and date if known. Keep in mind that the author may be an organization rather than a person. For sources with no author, use the title in place of an author. For sources with no date use n.d. (for no date) in place of the year: (Smith, n.d.).

How do you cite a website with no date?

Website with no author and no date

1. Bibliographic references are double-spaced and indented half an inch after the first line.
2. If there is no author, the article title comes first.
3. If there is no date, use the abbreviation n.d.
4. It is no longer necessary to include the date of retrieval.

What if there is no year for APA citation?

If there is definitely no date posted or date updated, APA uses the abbreviation n.d. (short for “no date”) in the parenthesis where the date would normally go in your citation: (n.d.)

How do you cite in APA if there is no date?

For a work with no date, use “n.d.” in both the reference list entry and the in-text citation.

How do you in text cite in APA with no date?

If no author or date is given, use the title in your signal phrase or the first word or two of the title in the parentheses and use the abbreviation “n.d.” (for “no date”). Another study of students and research decisions discovered that students succeeded with tutoring (“Tutoring and APA,” n.d.).