How do you cite an author with a PhD in MLA?

How do you cite an author with a PhD in MLA?

In Chicago and MLA style, a Ph. D. title is not included in the references, but it can be included in the text. In that case, the doctoral degree title at the end of a name appears after a comma but with no punctuation within the letters in the degree and both the “P” and the “D” should be capitalized.

Do you include MD in citations MLA?

Do not use an MD title with an in-text citation for MLA or APA format. Both use only the author’s last name. APA also includes the date of publication and MLA includes the page number referenced. The MD degree is left out of the citation completely.

Do you include Dr in citations?

Listing author names Do not list titles (Dr., Sir, Saint, etc.) or degrees (PhD, MA, DDS, etc.) with names. A book listing an author named “John Bigbrain, PhD” appears simply as “Bigbrain, John.” Do, however, include suffixes like “Jr.” or “II.” Putting it all together, a work by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

How do you add MD to a citation?

If there is no date available for a resource, then use the abbreviation “n.d.” for “no date” within parentheses in place of the year of publication. In the text the citation would appear as (Gingershap, n.d.) or, as according to Gingersnap (n.d.).

What if there is no year for APA citation?

If there is definitely no date posted or date updated, APA uses the abbreviation n.d. (short for “no date”) in the parenthesis where the date would normally go in your citation: (n.d.)

What if there is no date for APA in text citation?

If no author or date is given, use the title in your signal phrase or the first word or two of the title in the parentheses and use the abbreviation “n.d.” (for “no date”).

How do you reference with no date?

Proper Bibliographic Reference Format:

1. Bibliographic references are double-spaced and indented half an inch after the first line.
2. If there is no author, the article title comes first.
3. If there is no date, use the abbreviation n.d.
4. It is no longer necessary to include the date of retrieval.

How do you in text cite if there is no author?

When a source has no known author, use a shortened title of the work instead of an author name. Place the title in quotation marks if it’s a short work (such as an article) or italicize it if it’s a longer work (e.g. plays, books, television shows, entire Web sites) and provide a page number if it is available.

What is full form of et al?

Academic writing is full of little conventions that may seem opaque to the uninitiated. One of these is the Latin phrase et al., an abbreviation meaning “and others.” It is used to shorten lists of author names in text citations to make repeated referencing shorter and simpler.

How do you write et al correctly?

matter what, “et” is never followed by a period. Only “al” is followed by a period. That means that “et al.” is the only proper spelling of the phrase.

What is the definition of et al?

and others. Hint: The abbreviation et al. is short for the Latin phrase et alia, meaning “and others.” et al.

How do you read et al?

“et al.” is an abbreviation. When read aloud, you pronounce the full term “et alii” (or “et alia”) – same as you would say “et cetera” when reading aloud the “etc.” abbreviation. Alternatively, you could say “and others” – same as you would say “for example” when reading aloud the “e.g.” abbreviation.

How is et al used?

One of these is the Latin phrase et al., an abbreviation meaning “and others.” It is used to shorten lists of author names in text citations to make repeated referencing shorter and simpler.

Can you use et al in a greeting?

Et al., the abbreviation of et alii, is about as friendly as a flu shot. They don’t fit well together. The use of et al. is not standard in greetings, so people will stumble over it, wondering whether they missed an important new rule somewhere.

Is et al capitalized in a title?

“et al.” stands for “et alia”. It does NOT have a period after “et” and DOES have one after “al”. Interword spaces: “TeX assumes a period ends a sentence unless it follows an uppercase letter.” (Lamport p. 14) So, put a \_ (where _ means “space”) in a sentence like Smith et al.

Is there a comma after et al apa?

Remember that there is no comma between the surname and “et al.,” and the period goes only after the “al.” The English translation of “et al.” is “and others.” A helpful table of this rule can be found in APA 7, Table 8.1.

Should et al be preceded by a comma?

In MLA style, a comma is generally only used before et al. in the “Author” slot of works-cited-list entries when the author’s first and last names are reversed: Burdick, Anne, et al.

How do I abbreviate for example?

The abbreviation “e.g.” stands for the Latin exempli gratia, which means “for example” or “for the sake of example.” The abbreviation “i.e.” stands for the Latin phrase id est, which means “that is to say” or “in other words.” When writing, we often use these terms like examples (e.g.) to emphasize a point or use (i.e. …

Can you use IE in legal writing?

The Rule: use “i.e.” when you want to clarify, “e.g.” when you want to illustrate. So if the phrase following the abbreviation does not illustrate, i.e., if it does not offer an example, use “i.e.” Such femur fractures can be caused by a variety of osteoporosis drugs, i.e., e.g., Fosamax, Boniva, Actonel, and Reclast.