Is the doctrine of the fruit of the poisonous tree applicable in civil cases?
The newly discovered evidence – the fruit – is tainted by the poison of the illegal search. Civil law also concerns itself with chains of causation, both in determining liability and in ordering relief. But civil does not apply the logic of the fruit of the poisonous tree to chase down every consequence of a wrong.
Has silver platter doctrine been overruled?
Evidence of illegal wiretapping had been seized from the home of James Butler Elkins by Portland, Oregon police officers on an unrelated search warrant, and he was subsequently convicted in federal court. In a 5-4 decision, the Court overturned the silver platter doctrine and Elkins’ conviction.
What is an independent voltage source?
An independent voltage/current source is an idealized circuit component that fixes the voltage or current in a branch, respectively, to a specified value. If that branch is an independent voltage source, then we know that the voltage across the branch has a fixed value, but the current is free.
Does an independent current source have a voltage?
An independent current source with zero current is identical to an ideal open circuit. The voltage across an ideal current source is completely determined by the circuit it is connected to. When connected to a short circuit, there is zero voltage and thus zero power delivered.
Do voltage sources have resistance?
The internal resistance of an ideal voltage source is zero; it is able to supply or absorb any amount of current. The current through an ideal voltage source is completely determined by the external circuit….Ideal voltage sources.
| Controlled Voltage Source | Controlled Current Source |
| Battery of cells | Single cell |
What do you mean by ideal voltage source?
By definition, an ideal voltage source is a two-terminal element with the property that the voltage across the terminals is specified at every instant in time. This voltage does not depend on the current through the source. That is, any current in any direction could possibly flow through the source.
What is dependent voltage and current source?
In the theory of electrical networks, a dependent source is a voltage source or a current source whose value depends on a voltage or current elsewhere in the network. An operational amplifier can be described as a voltage source dependent on the differential input voltage between its input terminals.
What is meant by ideal voltage source?
What is ideal voltage source and current source?
An ideal voltage source provides no energy when it is loaded by an open circuit (i.e. an infinite impedance), but approaches infinite energy and current when the load resistance approaches zero (a short circuit). An ideal current source has an infinite output impedance in parallel with the source.
What are ideal sources?
An ideal source is a mathematical model of a thing that holds either voltage or current constant. It is not a resistor, so Ohm’s Law does not have to be true. A battery is an example of a real voltage source. Over a reasonable range of currents, the voltage of a battery does not change.
What is the desired impedance for an ideal voltage source?
In order to get a constant voltage across the body, a low output impedance source is required. An ideal voltage source should have zero output impedance but practically this is not possible, nevertheless, it should be as low as possible.