What are the three parts of the monomer for DNA?
Nucleic acids are polymers of individual nucleotide monomers. Each nucleotide is composed of three parts: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
What are DNA monomers called?
nucleotides
What is RNA full name?
Ribonucleic acid
What are 2 types of nitrogenous bases?
There are four nitrogenous bases in DNA, two purines (adenine and guanine) and two pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine). A DNA molecule is composed of two strands.
How are nitrogenous bases classified?
Nitrogenous bases are split into two different types: the purines (adenine and guanine) and the pyrimidines (thymine, cytosine, and uracil). A purine will hydrogen-bond to a pyrimidine. Adenine always bonds with thymine (in DNA ) or with uracil (in RNA ) with two hydrogen bonds. Guanine will always bond with cytosine.
Why is it called nitrogenous base?
The basic property derives from the lone electron pair on the nitrogen atom. The nitrogen bases are also called nucleobases because they play a major role as building blocks of the nucleic acids deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). Like pyridine, each pyrimidine is a single heterocyclic organic ring.
What are the two types of base?
Types of Bases
- Strong base – It is a compound that has an ability to remove a proton from a very weak acid.
- Weak base – There is incomplete dissociation when in water.
- Superbase – These bases are better at deprotonation when compared to a strong base.
What are the nitrogenous base pairing rules for DNA?
The rules of base pairing (or nucleotide pairing) are:
- A with T: the purine adenine (A) always pairs with the pyrimidine thymine (T)
- C with G: the pyrimidine cytosine (C) always pairs with the purine guanine (G)
What does T pair with in mRNA?
The actual coding of the mRNA transcript is very straightforward. DNA contains four bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). A always pairs with T, and G always pairs with C.
What is the difference in the base pairing rules for DNA and RNA?
RNA is a molecule that is chemically similar to DNA, and also contains repeating nucleotide subunits. However, the “bases” of RNA differ from those of DNA in that thymine (T) is replaced by uracil (U) in RNA. In DNA/RNA base pairing, adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G).