What two things make up smog?
Smog is made up of many chemicals including nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), but the two main components of smog are particulate matter (PM) and ground-level ozone (O3).
What is smog and how is it caused?
Ground level ozone is created when sunlight reacts with certain chemicals that come from sources of burning fossil fuels, such as factories or car exhaust. When particles in the air combine with ozone, they create smog. Smog is a type of air pollution that looks like smoky fog and makes it difficult to see.
Where was the term smog invented?
England
What is the chemical formula for smog?
Composition of Photochemical Smog NO2+hν→NO+O. This is a continual cycle that leads only to a temporary increase in net ozone production. To create photochemical smog on the scale observed in Los Angeles, the process must include Volatile organic compounds (VOC’s).
How is smog harmful?
Why is it harmful? When inhaled, smog irritates our airways, increasing our risk of serious heart and lung diseases. These health risks are why many cities monitor smog levels. On a high ozone-alert day, for example, your eyes and throat may burn, and you may cough and wheeze.
What type of smog is harmful?
Surface-level ozone concentrations are considered unhealthy if they exceed 70 parts per billion for eight hours or longer; such conditions are fairly common in urban areas prone to photochemical smog.
Is smog harmful to humans?
Smog can irritate your eyes, nose and throat. Or it can worsen existing heart and lung problems or perhaps cause lung cancer with regular long-term exposure. It also results in early death. Studies on ozone show that once it gets into your lungs, it can continue to cause damage even when you feel fine.
What countries have a huge smog problem?
World air quality report
| Rank | Country/Region | 2019 AVG |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bangladesh | 83.30 |
| 2 | Pakistan | 65.80 |
| 3 | India | 58.10 |
| 4 | Mongolia | 62.00 |
How can humans reduce acid rain?
A great way to reduce acid rain is to produce energy without using fossil fuels. Instead, people can use renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power. Renewable energy sources help reduce acid rain because they produce much less pollution.
What are 3 effects of acid rain?
Walking in acid rain, or even swimming in a lake affected by acid rain, is no more dangerous to humans than walking in normal rain or swimming in non-acidic lakes….Human Health
- Sulfur Dioxide.
- Nitrogen Oxides.
- Particulate Matter (PM)
- Asthma.
What will happen if acid rain continues?
Air pollution like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides can cause respiratory diseases, or can make these diseases worse. Also, nitrogen oxides cause ground-level ozone. This ground-level ozone causes respiratory problems, like pneumonia and bronchitis, and can even cause permanent lung damage.
What pH is acid rain?
4.0
Is there acid rain on Earth?
Those air pollutants react with water, oxygen, and other substances to form airborne sulfuric and nitric acid. When acid rain reaches Earth, it flows across the surface in runoff water, enters water systems, and sinks into the soil. A virtual tree graveyard of Norway spruce in Poland bears the scars of acid rain.
What is the greenhouse effect acid rain?
NITROGEN deposited in the soil by acid rain and as agricultural fertilizer may be promoting an atmospheric buildup of methane gas, a major contributor to the greenhouse effect, a new study suggests. Certain microorganisms in the soil slow the buildup of atmospheric methane by consuming it as an energy source.
Is ozone a greenhouse gas?
Ozone is technically a greenhouse gas, but ozone is helpful or harmful depending on where it is found in the earth’s atmosphere. However, at lower elevations of the atmosphere (the troposphere), ozone is harmful to human health.
How is acid rain related to climate change?
A warmer atmosphere would influence the occurrence and severity of acid rain. Many of the chemical reactions that lead to the formation of acid rain are affected by temperature. Higher temperatures usually accelerate reactions, suggesting that global warming is likely to increase the formation of acidic materials.