Who first discovered rubella?
German physician Daniel Sennert first described the disease in 1619, calling it röteln, or rubella, for the red-coloured rash that accompanies the illness. Rubella was distinguished from a more serious infectious disease, measles, or rubeola, in the early 19th century.
What started rubella?
Rubella is caused by a virus that’s passed from person to person. It can spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can also spread by direct contact with an infected person’s respiratory secretions, such as mucus. It can also be passed on from pregnant women to their unborn children via the bloodstream.
When did rubella vaccines start?
Key messages
| Year (month) | Vaccine details |
|---|---|
| 1969 | Measles vaccine introduced |
| 1971 February | Rubella vaccine introduced |
| 1980 | Smallpox vaccination ceased |
| 1981 July | Mumps vaccine introduced |
When did they stop giving the smallpox vaccine?
In addition, the vaccine was proven to prevent or substantially lessen infection when given within a few days after a person was exposed to the variola virus. Routine smallpox vaccination among the American public stopped in 1972 after the disease was eradicated in the United States.
When did they stop giving smallpox vaccine in Canada?
Canadians born in 1972 or later have not been routinely immunized against smallpox (unless immunized for travel to other countries); therefore, most are fully susceptible. Discontinuation of vaccination for travel was recommended by the WHO in 1980 and was no longer required by any country by 1982.
Why is BCG given in left arm?
The vaccine is given just under the skin (intradermally), usually in the left upper arm. This is the recommended site, so that small scar left after vaccination can be easily found in the future as evidence of previous vaccination.
What vaccine was given on a sugar cube in the 1950s?
Polio was already dealt a significant strike in the United States after a massive push a few years earlier to inoculate children with the first polio vaccine, an injection developed by Dr. Jonas Salk. Now, a newly developed oral vaccine was aiming to knock another big blow to the disease — on a tiny cube of sugar.
How was polio transmitted in the 1950s?
Transmitted primarily via feces but also through airborne droplets from person to person, polio took six to 20 days to incubate and remained contagious for up to two weeks after.
What countries still have polio 2021?
Wild poliovirus has been eradicated in all continents except Asia, and as of 2020, Afghanistan and Pakistan are the only two countries where the disease is still classified as endemic.