Why is calcium oxide added to blast furnace?
The heat of the furnace decomposes the limestone to give calcium oxide. This is an endothermic reaction, absorbing heat from the furnace. Calcium oxide reacts with silicon dioxide to give calcium silicate. The calcium silicate melts and runs down through the furnace to form a layer on top of the molten iron.
How is calcium silicate removed from the blast furnace?
The calcium silicate material combines with other impurities in the melt, and this material is removed as slag and then dried and ground. For example, in Japan blast furnace slag and silicomanganese slag are most used, in China steel slags are preferred, while in Florida phosphorus slags are the most frequently used.
How does calcium oxide remove phosphorus?
Calcium oxide also plays an important part in the Basic Oxygen Steelmaking furnace. Here it helps to remove impurities such as phosphorus and sulphur from the steel. Phosphorus is a non-metal and produces an acidic oxide, P2O5. In the BOS furnace P2O5 combines with the basic calcium oxide to make calcium phosphate.
What is the role of caco3 in the blast furnace?
Air is blown in at the bottom and rises up the blast furnace. Limestone is calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and it is added to the blast furnace to remove the impurities in the iron ore, as mentioned above. Calcium carbonate is decomposed by heat in the furnace to give calcium oxide (quicklime) and carbon dioxide.
What is the waste gas in a blast furnace used for?
The gas product from iron ore smelting when hot air passes over coke in blast ovens; contains carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen and is used as fuel gas.
Why is coke used as a reducing agent?
Coke is a good reducing agent, especially at higher temperatures, because it is a non-metal and it combines with oxygen and forms its gaseous non-metallic oxides. It helps in oxidation.
Which gas is a reducing agent?
Hydrogen gas is a reducing agent when it reacts with non-metals and an oxidizing agent when it reacts with metals.
Is fuel a reducing agent?
Since the oxidation number of C increases, the octane is oxidized. The substance that is oxidized is a reducing agent. While this is very much a formalism, petrol is in fact a reducing species inasmuch as it reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide.
Which is best reducing agent?
What is the strongest reducing agent? Due to the smallest standard reduction potential, lithium is the strongest reduction agent. It decreases another substance when something is oxidized, becoming a reduction agent. Lithium is, therefore, the most powerful reducing agent.
Is chlorine gas a reducing agent?
Because chlorine changes oxidation number form 0 to -1, it is reduced: it is the oxidizing agent. Because sodium changes oxidation number from 0 to +1, it is oxidized; it is the reducing agent. Chapter 14 covers oxidation-reduction in greater depth.
What is the weakest oxidizing agent?
H2O2 H 2 O 2 is a weakest oxidising agent because it can act as a reducing agent also.
Does an oxidizing agent release oxygen?
Oxidizing materials are liquids or solids that readily give off oxygen or other oxidizing substances (such as bromine, chlorine, or fluorine).
Which is strongest reducing agent Cr2+ or Fe2+?
Answer: Cr2+ is a stronger reducing agent than Fe2+. This can be explained on the basis of the standard electrode potential values E°(Cr3+/Cr2+ = –0.41 V) and E° (Fe3+/Fe2+ = + 0.77 V). Thus Cr2+ is easily oxidised to Cr3+ but Fe2+ cannot be as readily oxidised to Fe3+.
Why Cr2 is stronger reducing than Fe2+?
Cr2+ is a stronger reducing agent because it can lose one of its electron to become Cr3+ in which the t2g level of d-orbital is half filled and eg level is empty.
Which is stronger reducing agent chromium or iron?
Cr2+ is strong reducing agent than Fe2+.
Why is Cr2+ reducing and Mn3+ oxidizing?
Cr2+ is reducing agent as its configuration changes from d4 to d3, when it is oxidized to Cr3+ . On the other hand, the reduction of Mn3+ to Mn2+ results in the half-filled (d5) configuration which has extra stability hence Mn3+ acts as oxidizing agent.
Which is more stable Mn2+ or Mn3+?
Mn2+ is more stable than Mn3+ due to the stable electronic configuration ofMn2+ because of half filled d-orbital. Fe3+ is more stable than Fe2+ because Fe3+ has exactly half filled d- orbitals which give the stability to Fe3+ while Fe2+ has 3d6 electronic configuration.
Why is Cr2+ strongly reducing?
Cr2+ has d4 configuration while Cr3+ has more stable d5 configuration. Thus Cr has a tendency to acquire Cr3+ due to greater stability of +3 oxidation state. Cr2+ acts as a reducing agent.